284 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



sul/urascens, D'Orbigny, Sagra's Cuba, 1840, 57, pi. vi. Seiurus gosse, Bon. Consp. 

 1850, 306 (.Jamaica). ? Anthus I'hcrminicri, Less. Rev. Z. 1839, 101 (Colombia). 

 Other localities quoted : Xalapa, Sclater. Guatemala, ScLATER & Salvin. Panama, 

 Lawre>"Ce. Cartliaijcna, Cassin. Santa Cruz (winter), Newton. Cuha, Cab. Ja- 

 maica, Gosse. ; ScL. Venezuela, ScL. & Salv. Yacatan, Lawr. St. BartlwUmy, 

 SuND. Veracjua, Salv. 



Sp. Char. Bill, from rictus, about the length of the skull. Above olive-brown, with a 

 shade of green ; beneath pale sulphur-yellow, brightest on the abdomen. Region about 

 the base of the lower mandible, and a superciliary line from the base of the bill to the nape, 

 brownish-yellow. A dusky line from the bill through the eye; chin and throat finely 

 spotted. All the remaining under parts and sides of the body, except the abdomen, and 

 including the under tail-coverts, conspicnou.sly and thickly streaked with olivaceous-brown, 

 almost black on the breast. Length, G.15; wing, 3.12; tail, 2.40. Bill, from rictus, .64. 

 Sexes similar. 



Hab. Eastern Province of North America, north to Arctic Ocean and Yukon (west- 

 ward along northern border of United States to Cascade Mountains) ; Fort Bridgcr, Drex- 

 ler) ; Arizona (CouEs) ; whole West Indies ; Southeastern Mexico ; all Central America; 

 Panama and Eastern South America (Bogota; Carthagena; Brazil). 



A very young bird (22,619, Fort Simpson, August 10) is very different 

 from the adult in coloration. Tlie upper parts are fuliginous-black, each 

 feather with a broad terminal bar of pale ochraceous, wing-coverts tipped 

 with the same, forming two distinct bands ; streaks below as in the adult, 

 hut broader and less sharply defined. 



Habits. This species has a general distribution, at certain seasons, 

 througliout tlie wliole of eastern North America as far to the nortli as the 

 Arctic Ocean. North of the United States it is also found on the Pacific 

 coast as far south as tlie Cascade Mountains. In the winter it is tjuite com- 

 mon in all the West India Islands, in Southeastern Mexico, Central America, 

 Panama, and the eastern part of South America to Brazil. From about lati- 

 tude 43° northward it breeds throughout all North America. Sir John Kich- 

 ardson met with it at the Carlton House, where it was found frequenting the 

 moist and thickly wooded banks of the river. Tliese birds made their first 

 appearance in May, and the greater portion soon after disappeared, as if pro- 

 ceeding stiU fartlier north to breed. 



Among other memoranda given me by the late Mr. Kennicott was one 

 furnished him by Mr. Lockhart, to the effect that, at Yukon Eiver, June 21, 

 1859, he had shot a female Water Thrush as she flew from her nest. This 

 contained five eggs, and was concealed under a small pile of drift, close to 

 the river, Init under large willow-trees. This was not lined with down. At 

 the same locality another nest witli six eggs was also obtained. This also 

 was on the ground at tlie foot of some willows near the water. It was made 

 of moss, and lined with very fine grass. 



All that has been given Ijy our earlier authors as to tlie habits of this 

 species must be received with more or less uncertainty. The diflerence be- 

 tween this bird and that known as tlie Louisiana Thrush has not been suf- 

 ficiently clear to these writers to enable us always to determine which of the 



