VnjKiiMD.K — Till' VIUEOS. 335 



Vireo noveboracensis, Bonap. 



WHITE-EYED VIKEO. 



Mvjscienpa novcboracmsi.i, Gm. Syst. Nat. ], 17S8, 947 {Green Flycatcher, Pf.N'Nant, Arctic 

 Zoiil. II, aS9). Virco noveb. Bon. Obs. Wilscm, 1825. — AuD. ; C.\.s.sin. — Baiiid, 

 Binl.s N. Am. 1858, 338 ; Ruv. 354. — M.\x. — Sclatkr, P. Z. S. 1857, 204 (Xalapa) ; 

 228 (Vera Cruz). — SCL.4TEII & Salvin, Ibis, II, 1860, 274 (Cobau, Gnat.). — JoNE.s, 

 Nat. Bernuula, 1859, 71 (resident). — Ca 11. .Tour. Ill, 469 (Cuba). — Gundlach, Cab. 

 Jour. 1861, 324 (Cuba ; rare). — Samuels, Birds N. Eng. 275. J'trro miisicus, Vieili,. 

 Ois. Am. Sept. I, 1807, 83, pi. liii. Mascicapi cantalrix, Wii.s. II. 1810, 268, pi. xviii. 



Figures : AuD. Orn. Biog. pi. Ixiii. — lu. Birds N. A. IV, |il. co;!. 



Sp. Ciiak. (No. 10,193 ^, Illinois.) Fir.st primary about half the len^'th of second, 

 which is longer than secondaries, and about equal to the eighth ; the fourth longest; third 

 and lillh little shorter. 



Abovo quite olive-green; .sides of neck, and a gloss on its upper .surface, ashy. The 

 middle concealed portion of feathers of lower back and riui]i> pale sulphur-yellowish. 

 Beneath white; the chin and lower cheeks with a grayish tinge; the sides of brea.st and 

 body, with axillars and base of crissum (more faintly), bright yellow ; the inner wing- 

 coverts and rest of crissum much paler, almost white. A broad yellow line from nostrils 

 to and continuous with a yellow ring round the eye, which is encircled exteriorl}' by 

 olivaceous; a dusky loral, but no post-ocular spot. Wings with two covert-ban<ls and 

 innermost secondaries externally, broadly yellowi.sh-white ; rest of quills edged externally 

 with olive, except the two outer and tips of otlier primaries, which are grayish. Rectrices 

 edged externally with olive, except outei'uiost, which is bordered by grayish. All the Ion" 

 quills bordered internally by whitish. Bill blue-black, j^aler on the edges; legs dark 

 plumbeous. Iris white. Total length, 4.90 ; wing, 2.40 ; tail. 2 20. 



Hab. United States, west to base of Rooky Mountains; south to Guatemala; Bogota? 

 Very rare in Cuba. Abundant and resident in the Bermudas. 



Specimens vary .sli,ii,litly in a greater aninnnt of ashy on tlie liead, and less 

 brilliancy of the yellow of head and sides. Sometimes there is a decided 

 ashy shade in the white of throat and jugulnm, which again has a very I'aint 

 tinge of yellowish. 



Habits. The "White-eyed Vireo is one of the most common and one of 

 the most widely diffused of its genus in all parts of the United States east 

 of the Rocky Mountains. Tt apparently breeds in all parts of the Union, 

 from Texas and tin- Indian Territory on the southwest to Iowa and Wiscon- 

 sin, and as far to the northeast as Massachusetts. In the last-named State 

 it becomes e.xcecdingly rare, and beyond it is apparently not found, none 

 having been met with either by Messrs. Yerrill or Boardman in any part of 

 Maine. In Western Massachusetts it was not found by JMr. Allen, thougji 

 it occurs in the eastern part, along the coast. Mr. Dresser found it common 

 in Western Texas, many remaining there to breed, and Dr. Woodhouse also 

 found it abundant in Texas, New Mexico, and the Indian Territory, where 

 it frecpiented the thickets bordering on the streams. It breeds al)undantly 

 in the Northwest States of Illinois, Iowa, and Wisconsin. It also breeds in 

 the islands of 15i'rmuda. 

 49 



