480 



NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



Clirysomitris pinus, Bonap. 



PIHE GOLDFINCH. 



PriimiUa pinus, Wilson, Am. Om. II, 1810, 133, pi. .wii, f. 1. — AuD. Om. Biog. II, 

 1834, 455 ; V, 509, pi. clxxx. Friiujilla {Carduelis) pinus, Bon. Obs. Wils. 1825, 

 No. 103. Linaria pinus, AuD. Synopsis, 1839, 115. — Ib. Birds Am. Ill, 1841, 125, 

 pi. cbcxx. Chrysmnitris pinus, Boxap. Consp. 1850, 515. — Baikd, Birds N. Am. 

 1858, 425. —Cooper & Suckley, 197. — Coopek, Om. CaJ. I, 172. —Samuels, 290. 

 ?.' Chrijsomitris macroptera, DuBUs, Esq. Orn. tab. 23 (Mexico). — Bp. Conspectus, 

 1850, 515. 



/f 



Sp. Char. Tail deeply forked. 



Above brownish-olive. Beneath whitish, eveiT feather 

 streaked distinctly with dusky. Concealed 

 bases of tail-feathers and quills, together with 

 their inner edges, sulphur-yellow. Outer 

 edges ot quills and tail-feathers yellowish- 

 green. Two brownisli-white bands on the 

 wing. Length, 4.75 ; wing, 3.00 ; tail, 2.20. 

 Sexes alike. Young similar, but the white 

 below tinged witli yellow, the upper parts 

 with reddish-brown, and there arc two pale 

 ochraceous bands on the wing. 

 chryxomUris pinus. Hab. North America from Atlantic to 



Pacific; Vera Cruz, plateau and alpine region (Su.mici[u.\st, I, 550). 



Specimens from all parts of Xortli America ap))ear to be the same, but 

 there is a great deal of variation among individuals. No. 10,22.5 $ , Fort 

 Tejon, California, and 51,636, Colorado Territory, are almost entirely white 

 beneath, the streaks being hardly observable. 32,765, Mexico, and 9,524, 

 Washington Territory, are un.streaked medially. Xo. 11,096, Fort Bridger, 

 has the streaks on the sides unusually broad, and very black. 



In autumn and winter a reddish-brown tinge overspreads the upper parts. 



Habits. Though classed with the Goldfinches of this country, the Pine 

 Finch, in many respects more nearly resembles, in its habits and nidification, 

 the C'arpodaci. It is found throughout the United States, from the Atlantic 

 to the Pacific. In the winter it extends its irregular migrations into the Cen- 

 tral States, as far as Northern California on the Pacific, and Southern Peim- 

 sylvania on the Atlantic. It breeds throughout the British Provinces, 

 Northern Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, New York, Michigan, and 

 thence to Washington Territory, in all the evergreen forests. 



At Calais, Me., it is resident throughfuit the year, and breeds there, but is 

 much more common in the winter than in tlie summer. In Western IMaine, 

 Professor Verrill observed it very common, Iwth in the s]iring and in the 

 fall, but never found it breeding. He tViund it veiy abundant about the 

 Umljagog lakes in July, wliere it was evidently breeding. It breeds also 

 abundantly among the Wliite Mountains. 



Mr. Eidgway first saw the Pine Fincli on the East Humboldt Mountains, 



