FAM. III. NUTHATCHES AND CHICKADEES 61 



the outer toe turned backward ; but the nuthatch's feet have 

 only a slight enlargement of the nails. 



Length, 41 ; wing, 2i ; tail, li^ ; tarsus, |; culmen, ^. South Atlantic 

 and Gulf States, north to Maryland ; accidentally to New York, Missouri, 

 etc. 



4. Tufted Titmouse (731. Pilrus hicolor). — A loud-voiced, 

 conspicuously crested, gray bird of the woods, with some black 

 on the forehead and brown on the sides. Its 

 loudest notes are a constant repetition of 

 peto peto, sometimes changed to de- 

 de-de in somewhat less ringing 

 tones, producing a slight imi- 

 tation of the notes of 



the chickadee. It is not .^^ "r .^^^ 



at all shy, and so may 

 be readily approached. 

 (Crested Tit.) 



Length, 6 ; wing, Z\ Tnfted Titmouse 



(3-3i) ; tail, 3 ; tarsus, | ; 



culmen, |. Eastern United States north to northern New Jersey and 



southern Iowa ; casual in southern New England ; resident throughout. 



The Black-crested Titmouse (732. Parus atricristatus) differs from the 



last species in having the whole crest, 

 instead of only the forehead black. It 

 is a somewhat smaller bird. Length, 

 5i; wing, 2| ; tail, 2|. Southeastern 

 Texas and eastern Mexico. 



5. Chickadee (735. Pcirus atri- 



ca2)iUHs). — ^A small, black-capped, 



black-throated, ashy -backed bird, 



with the rest of the head and 



breast white ; under parts buff3\ 



--' This and the next species are 



„^. ^ , much alike, but this has the 



Chickadee 



greater wing coverts margined 



with white. Its common name expresses as closely as possible 



its whistled notes, chick-cu-dee. If its notes are well imitated, 



