122 NOinil A-MKRICAN I31UDS. 



spots. Whole breast wliitc. Wing, 3.80; tail, 4.30. Hah. 

 Southern MiJdle Province of UniteJ States. . \m. mesoleucus. 



4. The oehraceous of under parts confined to crissum and anal 

 region ; oehraceous of the throat palest jiosteriorly, where it is 

 nearly white, and confined within the encircling series of rather 

 coalesced dusky spots. Abdomen, only, white. Wing, 3.80; tail, 



4.20. Hah. Cape St. Lucas \ai: albigula. 



B. Middle coverts distinctly, and greater obsoletely, tipped with white. 

 Tliruat \\-liite crossed by an oehraceous band. 



5. Crown without a trace of rufous. Dusky spots surrounding the 

 white gular patch, coalesced posteriorly into a narrow crescent. 

 Whole breast and abdomen white, somewhat broken anteriorly. 

 Flanks and lower tail-coverts oehraceous. Wing, 3.30 : tail, 3.70. 



Hah. Mexico (var.?) albicollis.' 



Pipilo fuscus, vai crissalis, Vigors. 



BROWN TOWHEE; CANON FINCH. 



PipUofusca, C'ASSix, lUust. 1, iv, IS.^3, 121, pi. .xvii (the tigiue seems to be of the Califor- 

 nia species, the description more like wcsotct(cus). — Newbeuky, Zobl. Cal. & Or. 

 Route, Rep. P. R. R. VI, iv, 1857, 89. Kkncriafusca, Bonap. Comptes Rendus, XL, 

 1855, 356. Frinciilla crUsaUs, Vlooi!.s, Zool. Blossom, 1839, 19. Orittirm wrangdi, 

 BitASDT, Bonap. Comp. Rend. 43, 1856, 413. Pijiilo fuscus, Baiud, BirdsN. Am. 1858, 

 517. — HEEU.M. X, S, 51 (nest). — Cooper, Orn. Cal. I, 245. 



Sp. Cuar. Above dark olive-brown, the crown with a very slight tinge of scarcely 

 appreciable dark rufous. Under parts with the color somewhat similar, but of a lighter 



P. mesoleucu^ would be a difficult matter ; while the first one expresses the peculiar characters 

 of crissalis more nearly thau any other. The statement of "white beneath," without any 

 i]ualilii.atioii, appUes better to mesoleucus than to others, but the "pale rufous tinge " observable 

 in crissalis and fuscus is very ditt'erent from the abruptly defined chestnut cap of mesoleucus. 



Pipilo fuscus, SwAlN.sox, Phil. Mag. I, 1827, 434. "Gray, beneath paler; throat obscure 

 fulvous, with brown spots ; vent ferruginous. Length, 8.00 ; bill, .70 ; wings, 3.50 ; tail, 4.00 ; 

 tarsi, .90 ; hind toe and claw, .70." ffab. Table laud ; Tenii.sealtepec. 



Pipilo fuscus, SvvAixsox, Anim. in Men. 1838, 347. "Grayish-brown above ; beneath white ; 

 chin and throat fulvous, with dusky spots ; under tail-coverts fulvous ; tail blaukisli-brown, 

 unspotted. Bill aud legs pale, the latter smaller, and the claws more cun-ed than in any other 

 known species ; crown with a pale rufous tinge. Length, 7.50 ; wings, 3.50 ; tail, 4.00 ; tarsus, 

 .90 ; middle toe and claw the same ; hinder toe, .65. Rather smaller than maculala." 



' Pipilo albicollis, Scl.vter. Above uniform olivaceous-brown ; the cap not differently colored. 

 Lores, chin, and throat white, the two last bordered and defined by dusky spots ; jugnUiin and 

 breast white, the foniu'r clouded with olivaceous, and with a dusky blotch in middle ; middle of 

 throat crcssed by an olivaceous band which curves round on each side under the ear-coverts ; sides 

 grayish. Flanks behind, anal region, and rrissiun, rufous. Middle wiiig-covcrts with a whitish 

 liar across their tips. Fourth aud fifth quills longest ; first shorter thau ninth and secondaries. 

 Length, 7.00 ; wing, 3.30 ; tail, 3.70. Bill and legs light. Ilab. Central Me.xico. 



This "sjieeies" may fairly be considered as one extreme of the series of which P. crissalis is 

 the other ; and ditfei-s from the rest merely in a greater amount of white, aud the absence of 

 lufous tinge on top of head. The fulvous of throat is concentrali^d in a band across its middle 

 portion, leaving chin and lower throat ndiite ; thi.s, however, is foreshadowed in the paler chin of 

 mesoleucus, and the whitish lower throat of albiyula. The miiformity of coloring above is neaily 

 equalled by that of P. crissalis. The whitish band across the middle wing-coverts is the most 

 positive character. 



