ICTERID^ — THE ORIOLES. 183 



I. spurius. Head, neck, back, scapulars, wings, and tail, deep 

 black ; other portions, including lesser and middle wing-coverts, 

 lining of wing, and the tad-coverts, above and below, chestnut- 

 rufous ; greater coverts ^ and secondaries edged with dull white, 

 and tail-feathers margined terminally with the same. Female, 

 greenish-yellow, darker above. Young male in second year 

 similar, but with a black patch covering face and throat. Wing, 

 3.20 ; tail, 3.20, its graduation, .4.5 ; culmen, .73 ; tarsus, .92. Hab. 

 Eastern Province of United States ; .south throughout Middle 

 America, to New Granada. 

 6. Tail-feathers (e.xcept the two middle ones) with their basal half 

 yellow. 



I. parisorum. Head, neck, jugnlum, back, scapulars, wing.*, and 

 terminal half of tail, deep black ; rest of plumage, including lesser 

 and middle wing-coverts, bright lemon-yellow, approaching white 

 on the middle coverts ; greater coverts tipped with white, and 

 tertials edged with the same ; tail-feathers margined terminally 

 with the same. Sexes very ditl'erent. Hah. Mexico : Rio Grande 

 Yalley and Cape St. Lucas. 

 B. Crown, occiput, nape, and auriculars, orange ; frontlet, lores, cheeks, 

 chin, throat, and jugulum, deep black. 



I. cucullatus. Back, scapulars, wings, and tail, and patch covering 

 jugulum anil throat, extending up over lores, around eyes and across 

 frontlet, deep black. Other portions orange. Sexes very different. 



Lesser coverts black; middle coverts white ; greater coverts tipped 

 with white, and secondaries, primaries, and tertials edged with the 

 same; tail-feathers with narrow white tip.s. Wing, 3.30; tail, 

 4.00; culmen, .80; tarsus, .90. Sexes very unlike. Hah. Southern 

 border of Western Laiited States (San Bernardino, California, 

 Camp Grant, Arizona and Rio Gr.ande of Texas), south tlirongh 

 Mexico to Guatemala; Cape St. Lucas . . . var. ciicuUatu.f. 



Lesser coverts gamboge-yellow ; middle coverts yellow ; no white 

 on wings or tail. Wing, 3.50 ; tail, 3.90 ; culmen, .85; tarsus, .90. 

 ffah. New Granada, Venezuela, and Trinidad . var. auricapillus.'^ 

 HTPHANTES. Crown, back, scapulars, wings, and part of tail, deep black ; 

 wing with much white. Other portions orange or yellow. Sexes very dif- 

 ferent. 



I. baltimore. Head entirely deep black ; tail orange, the feathers black at 

 base ; greater coverts broadly tipped with white ; secondaries and prima- 

 ries skirted with the same. Other portions rich, mellow orange, the rump 

 as intense as the breast. Wing, about 3.75 ; tail, 3.50 ; culmen, .80 ; tar- 

 sus, .97. 



(Specimens from Eastern United States and Middle America with 

 middle coverts deep orange.) 



(Specimens from the Plains of Kansas, Nebraska, etc., with middle 



rnviTts pure white. Some eastern specimens similar.) 



I. bullocki. Head mainly black, with an orange or yellow superciliary 



stripe, and a broader one beneath the eye, cutting off the black of the 



throat into a narrow strip ; tail orange or yellow, the feathers with black 



' Icterus cucullatus, var. auricnpillus. Icterus iiuricapillus, Cass. P. A. N. S. 1847, 382. — 

 Ib. Joum. A. N. S. I, pi. xvi, f. 2. — Is. P. A. N. S. 1867, 60. 



