CYPSELID.E — THE SWIFTS. 429 



Nephcecetes niger, B.vird. 



BLACK SWIFT. 



1 Hirundo nitjer, Gmel. S. N. I, 1788, 1025. Cypsehis niger, GossE, B. Jam. 1847, 63. — 

 Ib. lllust. B. Jam. pi. x. — Gundl. & Lawk. Aun. N. Y. Lye. VI, 1858, 268. — Scl. 

 P. Z. S. 1865, 615. Nephocates niger, Baikd, Bird.s N. Am. 1858, 142. — Elliot, 

 lllust. Birds N. Am. I, xx. — Cooper, Orn. Cal. I, 1870, 349. Ci/psehts borcalis, 

 Kennebly, p. a. N. S. Pliilad. IX, Nov. 1857, 202. —Sol. P. Z. S. 1865, 615. 

 Hirundo cqnis dominicensis, Brisso>", II, 1760, 514, jil. xlvi, f. 3. 



Sp. Char. Wing the length of the body. General color rather lustrou.s dark sooty- 

 brown, with a greenish gloss, becoming a very little lighter on the breast anteriorly 

 below, but rather more so on the neck and head above. The feathers on top of the head 

 edged with light gray, which forms a continuous wash on each side of the forehead 

 above, and anterior to the usual black crescent in front of the eye. OciJasionally some 

 feathers of the under parts behind are narrowly edged with gray. Bill and feet black. 

 Length, 6.75 ; wing, 6.75 ; tail, 3.00, the depth of its fork about .45 in the male, and 

 scarcely .15 in the female. 



Hab. Washington Territory, Oregon, Nevada, and Orizaba (var. horealis) ■ Cuba and 

 Jamaica (var. niger), breeds. Vera Cruz ; breeds (Sumichrast, Mem. Bost. Soo. T, 562). 



The tail is considerably more forked in tlie male tliau in the female, in 

 which it is sometimes nearly even, and in tlie males its depth varies con- 

 siderably. 



Jamaican specimens (var. niger) are rather smaller, considerably blacker, 

 and seem to have narrower tail-feathers, even when the other dimensions are 

 about equal. 



AVhether the I'uget Sound bird visits the West Indies is not known ; but 

 the difference in size and colors between them and the "West Indian birds 

 would seem to indicate that they select a more directly southern region. 

 The fact that the Orizaba specimen is most like the Northwest Coast birds 

 favors this latter supposition. 



Habits. This Swift is of irregular and local occurrence in the West 

 Indies and in Western North America. Specimens were obtained at Simi- 

 ahmoo Bay, Washington Territory, by Dr. Kennerly, in July, 1857. Dr. 

 Cooper saw a black Swift, which he thinks may have been this species, in 

 Pah-Ute Canon, west of Fort Mohave, May 29, 18G1, and again at Santa 

 Barbara, May, 1863. 



Dr. Gundlach, in his ornithological explorations in Cuba, in 1858, met 

 M'ith this species among the motmtaius between Cienfuegos and Trinidad, on 

 the sotithern coast of that island, and also in the eastern parts of the Sierra 

 Maestra. He saw these birds for the first time in the month of May, near 

 Bayamo, where they commonly arrived every morning about one hour after 

 sunrise, ami flew in a circular direction over the river at a considerable 

 height, making their evolutions ah\'ays in the same place, ap]iarently em- 

 ployed in catchint;- the insects attracted by the ])ro.\imity of the river. 



