AMPELIS. 405 



In A. garrula the naked skin on the posterior edge of tarsus be- 

 tween the two lateral plates, and on inner side between the lateral 

 and frontal, shows a development of small hexagonal plates — seen 

 to much less extent in A. cedrorum, where also the lateral tarsal 

 plates are frequently undivided, except at lower end. 



The young of A. cedrorum are streaked longitudinally beneath, 

 as in adult Dulus, although more faintly. 



The genus Ampelis exhibits a close resemblance to Progne in the 

 broad, deeply cleft bill ; the long, pointed wings ; the short, stout 

 legs. The most striking differences in Progne consist in the still 

 broader and more deeply cleft bill, less hooked lower mandible, open 

 superior and rounded nostrils, absence of spurious first primary, etc., 

 with others of less signification. Still it would not be at .all sur- 

 prising to see them associated more closely by authors than has 

 hitherto been the case. 



Three species of the genus Ampelis are known : one common to 

 the northern portions of the northern hemisphere, one peculiar to 

 North America, and a third found in Japan and Eastern Siberia. 

 They may be distinguished by the following diagnosis : — 



A. Terminal band of tail yellow. 



Yellowish cinnamon ; more plumbeous behind. Chin, 

 forehead, and band from forehead above and behind 

 the eye, black. A white mandibular patch. 



Large ; chin and throat black ; crissum orange 

 brown ; two white bands on the wing, and a 

 white line along tips of primaries . . . garrula. 

 Smaller ; chin only black ; crissum whitish. No 



white on wing ...... cedrorum. 



B. Terminal band of tail red. 



Colors generally similar to those of A. cedrorum. 

 A red baud across the end of the greater wing 

 coverts. Black line behind eye continued 

 along under side of crest, which is very long phcenicopterum. 



The A. 2^henico2Jferum is stated by Temminck to have the nasal 

 setae so short as to leave the nostrils exposed, and to lack the seal- 

 ing-wax appendages ; the latter condition may, however, result from 

 the immaturity of the specimen, as it is very common to find the 

 same thing in individuals of the other species. 



Ampelis garrula. 



Lanius garrulus, Linn. " Fauna Suecica, 2, no. 82." — Ib. Syst. Nat. 10th 

 ed. 1758, y^,.— Ampelis garrulus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 12th ed. 1766, 297 

 (Europe).— BoN. Consp. 1850, 336.— Baikd, Birds N. Am. 1858, 



