440 



REVIEW OF AMERICAN BIRDS. 



[part I. 



Black of loral space without any lightening above 

 it. Frontal black band well marked. Inner 

 webs of secondaries (except innermost) pure • 

 white to shaft, except along rather more than 

 terminal half, where the shaft is bordered 

 by black. Axillars whitish. Tail feathers 

 black to base, except the loose fibres, which 

 are grayish. Bill from nostril, .GO. Under 

 parts without waved lines. White patch on 

 wing reaching nearly opposite to end of 1st 

 primary. Tarsus about equal to the gape . elegans. 

 Above light ash color. Upper tail coverts and forehead 

 much lighter than the back, tlxe former sometimes 

 almost white. Sides and breast generally nearly 

 pure white. * * 



Black of loral space with conspicuous hoary 

 margin above it. Inner web of secondaries 

 much as in C. ludoviciunus. Axillars whit- 

 ish. Tail feathers with concealed white 

 patch at bases of all the feathers. Bill from 

 nostril, about .50. No waved lines beneath. 

 White patch on wing reaching nearly oppo- 

 site to end of 1st primary. Tarsus longer 

 than the gape ex cuhitor aides. 



Collurio toorealis. 



Lanius borealis, Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept. 1, 1807, 90, pi. 1. — Sw. F. B. A. 

 II, 1831, 111.— AuD. Syn. 1839, 157.— Is. Birds Am. IV, 1842,130, 

 pi. 236.— Cassin, Pr. A. N. Sc. 1857, 212.— Max. Cab. Jour. VI, 

 1858, 190 (Upper Missouri).— Jones, Nat. Bermuda, 1857, 51 (Ber- 

 muda). — Collyrio borealis, Baird, Birds N. Am. 1858, 324. — Cooper 

 & SucKLEY, P. R. Rep. XII, II, 1860, 188 (Washington Territory). 



Lanius excubitor, Forster, Phil. Trans. LXII, 1772, 382 (not of LiNN.iiDs). 

 —Wilson, I, 1808, 74, pi. v, fig. 1. 



Lanius septentrional is, Bon. Syn. 1828, 72 (not of Gmelin, which cannot 

 be identified as an American species). — Ib. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 

 1853, 294.— Cassin, Pr. A. N. Sc. 1857, 213.— Murray, "Ed. New 

 Phil. Jour. XI, 1859, 223 (H. B. T.). 



Hab. Whole of America north of United States ; in winter south to Wash- 

 ington, St. Louis, Prescott (Ariz.), and north California. 



(No. 19,545, % , in full spring plumage.) Fourth quill longest ; 3d and 5th 

 little shorter ; 2d shorter than 6th ; exposed portion of 1st not quite half that 

 of longest. 



Whole upper parts pure clear light ash ; beneath (including axillars) plire 

 white, the breast and upper part of belly waved transversely with obsolete 

 narrow dusky lines (about .15 of an inch apart) ; each feather having two 

 or three, which are curved, convex, and the terminal one some distance from 

 the tip. Bristly feathers covering the nostrils and the feathers along the 



