322 



NORTH AMEPJCAX BIRDS. 



The three closely allied species belonging to the northern portions of the 

 Xortliern Hemisphere may be distinguished by the characters given in the 

 ibllowing synopsis. 



Species and Races. 



Common CiiAUACTiiRS. Adult. JJill, cere, and iris yellow. Tail, and .some- 

 time.s the head and neck, white. Young. Bill and cere black ; iris dark brown. 

 Tail, head, and neck, blacki.'^h. 



A. Tail of fourteen feathers, cuneate, or graduated, for nearly half its length. 



Kostril with its lower end acute, bevelled gradually to the level of the cere; 



upper outline of the cere very convex ; lore naked. 



I IfaliaMus pclacjicus (Pall.). Fako pelagicus, Pallas, Zoog. Ros. As. 1, 343, pi. ix. Jquila 

 21., KrrTL., BoiK. Haliaetus p., SlEB., GitAY, Cass. B. Cal. & Tex. I, pp. 31, 110, pi. vi (?) ; 



Hadiaitus pdagicus. 



In. P.ird.s N. Am. 1S58, 42. Tha!assoaetu.i, Kalt, .Iakd. Fidco Icucopterus, Tkm.ai. Faico 

 imjicrator, Kittl. Ilab. Northeastern Asia, Japan (Sif.boldI ; Kauischatka. 



