GLOSSARY. 



Ml 



Flex'or, 71. Generic name of a muscle that 

 bends a limb or any of its segments. 



Flexc'ra ('»/<'■), n. Bend of the wing ; carpal 

 angle ; salient angle or jirominence Ibnncd at 

 the wrist when the wing is folded. (77.) 



Flex'ure, n. See Flexura. 



Floc'culext, a. Pertaining to the peculiar 

 down of newly hatched or unfledged young 

 birds. (Xot used in ornithology in its com- 

 mon sense of /f</A'i/. ) 



Floc'ci's, n. A peculiar kind of plumage of 

 simple structure (generally downy), found in 

 unfledged birds, at first growing directly from 

 the skin, afterwards for tlie most part affixed 

 to the tip of the true feather, of which it is 

 the precursor, or rather the first-formed part ; 

 and finally falling ott'. In psilop.T!die biids 

 the floccus is only associated with the true 

 plumage, sprouting from the future pteryhu 

 alone ; in ptilopasdic birds it also sprouts 

 from the apteria, and in so fiir is unconnected 

 with future plumage ; the whole body is in 

 snch cases densely clothed. (Sundi'vall.) 



F(E'ti's, n. Same as Fetus (which see). 



Fol'lu'LE, «. Minute secretory sac. 



Folmc'ular, ) rr. Having follicles ; composed 



Follic'ulate, ( of follicles. 



Foot, 71. (112.) See Pes. 



FuoT-joiXT, n. Junction of toes collectively 

 with the metatarsus. (100.) See Pod.\r- 

 THi:rM. 



Fora'men-, ?(. ; p\. foram'ina. Hole; opening; 

 perforation. Foranifn jiwgnuni, the large 

 hole in the occipital bone transmitting tlie 

 neural axis. Foramen lacerum, irregular va- 

 cuity between certain bones at base of skull. 

 The foramen rolundiim transmits the optic 

 nerve ; foranU'n ovate, the trig<'minal nerve ; 

 the latter is also a name of the opening be- 

 tween right and left sides of the heart. 



Foue'head, n. Front of head from bill to 

 crown. (3+.) See Fltoss. 



FoRE-XEC'K, a. Wliole front of collum, from chin 

 to breast ; whole throat. (51.) See GuTTUH. 



For'fr'ate, a. Deeply forked. 



Forked (tail), n. Having the outer feathers 

 longest, the rest gradually successively short- 

 ened to the middle pair ; when these are 

 again lengthened somewhat, the tail is said 

 to be doubly forked. 



Fos's.\, n. ; pi. fossa;. Ditch ; excavated place. 

 Used chiefly in the plural to denote the pits 

 or grooves in whiih most birds' nostrils 

 open. 



Fos'siL, a. or a. Dug out of the ground. Par- 

 ticula?-ly, any organized body, or renuiins, 

 trace, or mould of such body, naturally buried 

 in past time by geologic agencies. The Archm- 

 opteryx macrurus, of the .Jurassic formation 

 of Solenhofen, a niesozoic bird, is the oldest 

 known ornithic fo.<isit. 



Fosso'niAL, a. Digging into the earth for a 

 habitation. 



Fos'TER. This word and its various compounds 

 are used in their common senses in treating 

 of the relations of young cowbirds and young 

 cuckoos with the birds upon which they are 

 parasitic. 



Fo'vea, n. A slight depression. 



Free, a. Said of the leg when not enclosed to 



the knee in the common integument of the 

 body. 



Fre'nu.m, a. Bridle; hence, any cheek-stripe. 



Fringe, n. Marginal membrane ; also, marginal 

 row of feathers. (135.) See LoMA. 



Frin-oed Toe. (134.) 



Fron's, n. Foreliead. (34.) 



Fron'tal, a. Pertaining to the forehead. 



Frox'tal Bone, n. Principal bone of the fore- 

 head. 



Fron'tal P01XT.S. See Anti.h. (36.) 



Front ok Tarsus. Instep. (104.) 



Frugiv'orous, u. Fruit-eating. 



Fui.ig'inous, (I. Sooty-brown ; dark smoky 

 blown. 



Fui/vous, a. Of a brownish-yellow color. 



Fur'cate, a. Forked ; forficate. 



FuR'c-ULAorFuR'cuLUM, n. The merry -thought 

 or wish-bone ; the two clavicles or collar-bones 

 taken together. Also called os furcatuni. 



Fus'roi'S, a. Of a dark-brown color. 



Fu'siFORM, a. Spindle-shaped ; tapering at 

 each end. 



G. 



Gal'eate, a. Covered as with a helmet ; said 

 of certain gallinules, coots, etc. 



Gall, n. Bile ; the secretion of the liver. 



Gall-blad'der, n. Membranous sac attached 

 to liver for holding bile. 



Gall-duct, n. Tube for conveyance of bile into 

 the intestine ; the ductus ciMlcdochiis. 



G.iLLiXA'CEOUS, a. Belonging to the Gallince; 

 having the nature of the domestic fowl. 



Gaxg'lion, n.; pi. giii,()lki. Natural knot-like 

 eidargement of a nerve. 



Gape, ?;.. Opening of the mouth ; area of the 

 opened mouth. (28.) Compare Rictus and 

 Commissure. 



Gastr.e'usi, n. The whole under part of a 

 bird. (16.) 



G.is'TRlc, a. Pertaining to the stomach or 

 belly. The gastric juice of birds is the secre- 

 tion of the jn'orentricnlus, or follicular stom- 

 ach, not of the gizzard or gi'inding muscular 

 stomach. 



Gastrocne'mius, n. A muscle of the back of 

 the leg. 



Gemel'li, n. jil. The twins ; certain muscles 

 of the pelvis. 



Ge'xa, m. Cheek; feathered .side of under man- 

 dible. (43.) See Mal.\r Reoion. 



Gex'er.\tive Or'oaxs, n. Organs of reproduc- 

 tion in either sex. 



Gexer'ic, n. Pertaining to a genus ; as, ge- 

 neric character, generic description. 



Gen'esis, n. Act, mode, or conditions of repro- 

 duction. In science, genesis notes rather the 

 laws and results of origination of individuals 

 or species. The "genesis of .species" is a 

 term equivalent to the evolution of species 

 from antecedent forms, with some ; with oth- 

 ers, their origination by creative fiat. 



Gexet'ic, a. Pertaining to genesis. Genetic 

 descent, or genetic succession in species, is 

 maintained by those who hold the theory of 

 evolution. 



Ge'xu, «. Knee ; joint of femur with tibia. 



Ge'xu.s, u. ; pi. gen'era. An assemblage of 



