Family CERTHIIDAE. 



Certhia brachydactyla Brehm. - 

 Tree-Creeper. 



Short-clawed 



(Plate 37, fig. a-c). 

 (Snouckaert: Avifauna Neerlandica, p. 29, No. 62). 



Colour of surface of shell; 

 Colour of spots: 



Average dimensions: 

 Average weight of shell; 

 Texture of shell: 

 Shape : 



Nest: 



Site of nest: 



Number of eggs: 

 Breeding season: 

 Duration of incubation: 



milk-white. 



reddish-brown, in various shades. In the 

 zone round the thicker end of thickly spotted 

 eggs, a few spots occur which lie deeper and 

 are of a violet grey appearance; these con- 

 stitute a characteristic which distinguishes 

 the eggs of this species from those of 

 Parus cristatus mitratus. 



16.3 X 12 4 millimetres. 



0.069 gram. 



not specially characterized. 



diverse. 



consists of vegetable materials, feathers and 

 material spun by insects. 



in holes and crevices in trees, by preference 

 behind the bark; behind laths and against 

 thatched walls, and in similar places; at 

 heights of from about 1 to 6 Metres above 

 the ground. 



6-9 (after-set : 4—7). 



April— beginning of June. 



about 13 days. 



