SKELETAL REMAINS FROM PERU STEWART 175 



Eickstedt's Centralid group and combined the Pueblo portion with 

 the Andean : Pueblo-Andid. The remaining portion, which embraces 

 the peoples of southern Mexico, the Isthmus and adjoining parts of 

 Colombia, he regards as a separate subdivision and gives to it 

 the name "Isthmid." 10 Of the Pueblo-Andid group he says in part 

 (pp. 235-236) : 



Habitat.— What will draw attention to my map is the discontinuous cnaracter 

 of the area, whose two sections, one of the northern continent and the other of 

 South America, are separated by a wide gap. We shall see, in speaking of the 

 Isthmids, that this discontinuity of the total area is to be interpreted as a recent 

 phenomenon in the ethnographic history of America, and that the two sections 

 are to be understood as originally connected. The northern part, or that of the 

 Pueblos, comprehends all the territory in which skeletal remains of the inhabi- 

 tants of the "stone houses" and "plateaus" and the "cliffs" (Pueblos and cliff- 

 dwellers) have been exhumed, with an archeological trousseau [ajuarl that in 

 its abundance clearly distinguishes them from all the tribes that followed, no 

 less than do physical characteristics, stature, indices, etc. We are dealing with 

 the basins of the Rio Grande, the Colorado, and part of the Gila and Salado 

 rivers, etc., and mountainous, semi-arid regions noted for cacti. The small 

 number of living survivors of this ancient human group cannot give an exact 

 indication of the extension of the original area ; they live especially in Arizona 

 and New Mexico, surrounded and almost ignored by the new arrivals: Apache, 

 Navajo, etc. An extension of the brachyoid area of the Pueblos is observable 

 in the section east of the Mississippi ; the ancient skulls of Florida attest to 

 the existence of a stratum that later was submerged by the migration of Araa- 

 zonians coming by way of the arc of the Antilles. 



The southern section includes part of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, north- 

 ern and central Chile, the Andean region of the Argentine Republic and the 

 Chaco of Santiago. 



Diafinosis.— Men of small stature (from 1.59 m. to 1.62 m.). Skull brachy- 

 morphic (cephalic index from 81.5 to 89), partly exaggerated by the effects 

 of cranial deformation (both in the northern and the .southern area the 

 artificial form "tabular erecta" is frequent ; it is absolute in the Pueblos and 

 predominant in the areas in the extreme south of the South American section : 

 Calchaqui and Chaquenos of the Salado River). Small head, especially in the 

 women, but without platycephaly ; short face; nose with broad base, but with 

 sufiiciently long and salient dorsum ; bizygomatic diameter notably large. Torso 

 quite developed in comparison with the limbs; thorax convex. Cutaneous color 

 variable, but with a predominance of intense pigmentation. Body hair sparse; 

 head hair coarse and flat, black ; iris obscure. 



10 The two terminologies compare as follows (Imbelloni, 103 s ;) : 



Von Eicltstedt Imbelloni 



Eskimid Subarctic! 



racificl Cohimbid 



Silvid Planid 



Margid Sonorid 



Centralid "1 f Isthmid 



Andid J 1 Pueblo-Andid 



Brazilid Amazonid 



Pampid Pampid 



(Laguid 

 Lagid JFueguid 



