No. 4.] COUES'S ORXITII. TUIILIOORAPIIY CORVID^. 603 



1850. Bonaparte, C. L.— Continued. 



Cyanocorax Boie is " restricted" to such species as O. azureus and violaceug. 



Xanthura Bp., p. 83, is proposed for Corvug peruvianus. 



Cisdlopha Bp., p. 83, is applied to O. sanblasiana. 



Cyanurus Sw., 1831, is "transferred" to siicli species as Pica bullockii Wagl., and P. coUiei 

 Vig. — Cyanurus dairi. Cyanurus cubo, p. 84, arc new species. 



Calocitta is applied to '• red-billed, long-tailed, blue magpies." 



CyanocephaUis iviedi Bp., "1842", occurs on p. 85 ; but only the generic name Cyanocephalus 

 appeai'edin 1842. Gymnokitta (g. n., "Max.") occurs in the same paragraph. 



Oyanopica Bp., p. 85, with species C. melanocephala (Wagl.) cyanexis (Pall.) and cooX;i Bp., 

 1849. 



Streptocittu Bp. and Gazdla Bp. are respectively proposed to be applied to Pica albicollisY., 

 and Corvus caledwiicu-s. 

 1850. C. Fragments from my note-book. — A bird brciitliinj;- throuiih its wing. 

 Family Fmior, i, 1850, p. '^2. 



A blue jay with its wing broken, was brought to me to .stufi'. . . . Wi.shing to kill it with- 

 out injuring its skin or disarranging its feathers, I attempted to strangle it by compressing 

 its neck firmly so that the windpipe was (entirely chjsed, and in this niannei' I held it several 

 minutes without its presenting any appearance of suffocation or inconvenience, and its thorax 

 contracted and expanded regularly. Putting it down on the floor it lioi)peil oft" into a comer, 

 screaming and scolding as usual. 1 was s.adly puzzled to account for this, till at length I 

 thought of its wing; and on examining it I found the long bone (humerus) broken, and 

 through this it breathed. After I stopped up this orifice .and compressed th<! windpipe again, 

 it was suffocated in a few moments. . . . Cleveland, Ohio, Jan. 19, 1850. 



1850. CuRTLER, M. Ferocity of the Magpie (Pica eaudata). <^ Zoologist, viii, 1850, 

 pp. "2799, 2800. 



1850. Mc'Intosh, ,J. Longevity of a Magpie (Pica candata). <^ Zoologist, viii. 18.50, 



p. 2824. 



1851. Beadles, H. Anecdotes of a Raven [Corvus corax]. <^ Zoologist, ix, 1851, pp. 



3033, 3034. 

 1851. Bonaparte, C. L. On the Garruline Bird.s, or Jays; with Descrii^tions of new 

 species. <^ Ann. Mag. Xat. Hist., 2d ser., ^ai, 1851, pp. 412-419. 

 From P. Z. S., Apr. 12, 1850, pp. 79-86, q. v. 



1853. Bernstein, H. A. De | Anatomia Corvorvm. | Pars i>nma. | O.steologia. | — | 



Dissertatio | Inavgvralis zootomica | qvara | consensv et avctoritate | gratiosi 

 Medicorvm ordinis Vratislavien.sis | pro | svmmis in Mediciua et Chirvrgia 

 houoribvs ( rite | capessendis | die XVI. M. Novembris A. MDCCCLIII | 

 Hora IX | palam defendet | avctor | Henricvs Agathon Bernstein. | — | . . . 

 I — I Vratislaviae, | typis Grassii Bartbii et Soc. (W. Friedricli). 1 vol. 8vo, 

 X)p. i-vi, 1-64 -f 1 1. 



1854. James, G. P. R. The Raven [Corvus corax]. <l Harper's Monthly Mag., viii, 



1854, pp. 463-470. 

 Anecdotes of its behavior in England. 



1855. Berge, F. [Ueber die Eier von Corvus corax. ] <] iVa«»iflHH(fl, 18.55, p. 110. 



1855. Fuhlrott, [C] [Varietat der gemeinen ELster, Corvus ]nca, L.] <Xa«nian- 



nia, 1855, pp. 398-400. 

 18.55. Kaup, J. [J.] Einige Worte iil)er die sy.stematische Stellung der F;imilie der 

 Rabeu, Corvida-. (Anh. iii. zu Bericht liber d. viii. Jalu'esvers. d. dvut. Orn.- 

 Gesell.) < J. f. O., 1854, Extrahheft (1855), pp. xlvii-lvi, pi. ii, f. 10. 



The family is divided into 5 subfamilies, each of 5 lesser groups (some not yet discovered). 

 The diagrammatic illu.stration of the author's views is a pentagon (family), pointed with 5 

 lesser pentagons (subfamilies), rayed into stars by the 25 (.actual or theoretical) minor groups. 

 The quinary notion is also indicated in his arrangement of allied families. 



1856. Maximilian. Ueber die uordamerikanische ELster. (Pica hud.sonica Bonap.) 



< J. f. 0., iv, 1856, pp. 197-204. 



Elaborate description^ with reference to its supposed distinction from P. inelanoleuca ,- but 

 some of the alleged differences have been dispi'oved, and none of them have been established. 



