118 HI 111! (;,\i,m:kv. 



a favourite cage-bird. To the Tinu'liiiia- belong sucli remarkable forms 

 as the Fluffy-backed Babbler [Ptiloc'iclila fulcalu) (1933) and the Ilairy- 

 backed Babbler (Macroum pti/o,sus) (1926), in wliicli the feathers of the 

 back are enormously developed ; also the lai-ge yellow species of Maliu 

 (1936) from Celebes. Tiie third subfamily, Brachypteriighue, includes 

 some long-legged terrestrial forms, the largest and handsomest of which 

 are the Whistling-Thrushes (Mi/iop/wiiens) (1950) and the smallest the 

 Short-wings [OUgura) (1945). Among the representatives of the fourth 

 subfamily, Si/i/iine, we u.ay draw attention to the Long-tailed Sibia 

 [Sidiu picuoi(/r.s) (1951) and Yii/iiiia ii'igrhnentuni (1952), exhibited with 

 its well-coucealed nest. To the Liotlirichhue belong the beautiful 

 Chinese ''Robin" [Ltotlirhv hitca) (1940) mentioned above, a familiar 

 cage-bird with Tit-like habits, and the handsome CittJa nipalciisis (1939), 

 from Nepal. The so-called Crow-Tits (Paradoxornithiiue) form the 

 sixth subfamily, a very isolated group, and may be recognised by their 

 short deep bill, most developed in the species of Paiadoxornis (1941 J 

 and less so in Siithura (1942). 



Family VII. Troglodytid.e. Wkens. 



[Case 73.] This family embraces a number of small birds which are spread over 

 the greater part of the globe, being very abundant in the New World, 

 but absent in the Australian and Ethiopiau regions. They have no 

 bristles at the base of the bill, build domed nests, and in many cases 

 have remarkable powers of song. The most familiar is the common 

 Wren [Anorthnra troglodytes) (2001), a familiar British bird, ranging 

 acioss Europe as far east as Persia and southwards to the Atlas Mountains 

 in X. Africa. One of the largest is the Great Bay Wren {C'iimiccrt/iic 

 unrnifu) (1989), a native of Colombia and Ecuador. , 



Family VIII. Cinclidyk. Dippers. 



[Case 73.] The Dippers or Water-Ouzels are large aquatic Wrens inhabiting the 

 mountain-streams of the northern parts of both Hemispheres as well as 

 the highlands of Central America and the Andes of South America. 

 They are perfectly at home in the wate)-, diving with ease, and using 

 both wings and legs to propel themselves below the surface. Aquatic 

 insects and molluscs found among the stones at the bottom of streams 

 and rivers form their principal food, and though they are generally 

 supposed to devour the ova of tish, and for this reason constantly 

 destroyed as vermiu, no fish-spawn has ever been found in their stomachs. 

 The domed nest (2012), made of moss &c., is placed close to the water, 

 and from four to seven dull white eggs are laid. The young are able to 

 swim as soon as they leave the nest. Of the twelve or more s|)ecics, all 



