1866.] 



CARPENTER — ON VITAL STATISTICS. 



139 



The last group of figures shews the contrast between Montreal, 

 the most unhealthy, and London, the most healthy of Canadian 

 cities, which presents a death-rate below that of the rural districts 

 of Lower Canada. It appears that the extra mortality of Mon- 

 treal amounts to 137 in every 10,000 persons; that for every 10 

 persons who die in London, 25 die in the older city ; and that, out 

 of every hundred deaths, more than 26 additional cases of children 

 cut off under 5 years of age are found in Montreal. 



The following is a comparison of the statistics of population and 

 mortality between the census of 1851 and that of 1861. Some 

 particulars from the report of the (English) Registrar General for 

 1857* are added. 



2. Comparative Sanitary Statistics of the Census of 185 1 

 and of 1 86 1. 



Deaths 



per 1000 



living. 



1851 186: 

 10.5 9-3 



i3- 

 10.9 



34-4 

 25-3 



22.5 

 21.7 



Excess of Deaths 

 in 1861 over rural 



districts of 

 Upper Lower 



Canada Canada 



6,269 



263 

 19 



[77 8 



All England 



London 



Eastbourne, Sussex 



Liverpool 



Average Deaths in all England from xymotic diseases, out of 



every hundred deaths 



Do. under five years , 



22.0 



25 -o 



15.0 



36.0; 



22.0 

 39- 1 1 



If these returns could be relied upon, they would present an 

 extremely flattering picture of Canada in general, and even of the 

 cities in particular, as compared with the rural districts and cities 

 of England, and as compared with its own condition ten years 

 previously; Toronto and Ottawa being the only cities in which 



* This is the latest return accessible at the free library in the Mecha- 

 nics' Institution. It represents an average of many years. Not a single 

 district in England is found to have a mortality less than 15 per 1000, or 

 more than 36. 



