1868.] MACFARLANE — GEOLOGY OF LAKE SUPERIOR. 255 



" further extension overlies also the latter formation. The 

 "• melaphyre-aniygdaloid of Planitz, near Zwickau in Saxony, 

 " forms also a covering regularly inserted into the Rothliegende, 

 " above its inferior strata. On the western declivity of the 

 " Oberhohndorfer Hill, near Zwickau, the melaphyre which here 

 " contains numerous green-earth and calcspar amygdules, shews an 

 " interesting intercalation with the brownish-red slate-clays of the 

 " Rothliegende, irregular lumps and patches of which being as it 

 " were kneaded into the mass of the melaphyre. The melaphyric 

 " rock of the Johann-Friedrich and Zabenstadter Adit, in Mansfeld, 

 " is evenly interstratified in the Rothliegende. G. Leonhard 

 " mentions that in the Rothliegende of the neighbourhood of 

 " Darmstadt, at Gcetzenhain and Urberach, the melaphyre forms 

 " distinct outbursts of considerable size in the form of domes 

 " (_Kuppen,) which consist in the centre of solid melaphyre, and 

 " towards the periphery of amygdaloidal rocks, and shews in 

 " places both flagstone-like and columnar separation. In Silesia 

 " the melaphyres appear in two places : in the country between 

 " Loewenberg and Lsehn, where they, according to the investi- 

 " gations of Beyrich, occur in several courses, striking from 

 " north-west to south-east, intersecting the Rothliegende, and 

 " in still more extended measure at the edge of the great 

 " bay opening towards south-east in the Grauwacke at Landeshut, 

 " in which the carboniferous formation and the Rothliegende 

 " have been deposited, and in which they form,- accordiug to Zobel 

 " and Von Carnal, a range extending from Schatzlar to Neurode. 

 " In north-eastern Bohemia, according to Emil Porth, and 

 " Jokely, malaphyres are found as numerous, and sometimes very 

 " thick layers, in the Rothliegende. Jokely describes, in the 

 " district of Jicin, five beds of melaphyre in various parts of the 

 " Rothliegende, which exhibit very distinctly observable strati- 

 " graphical relations. They prove to be, for the most part, true 

 " melaphyre streams, which have flown like lavas, and in visible 

 " connection with undoubted vein-like outbursts. According to 

 " Porth, the neighbourhood of the melaphyre veins is frequently, 

 " for great distances round, a field of melaphyric ash and 

 " scoriae."* 



From these quotations it is plain that, in Europe, melaphyres 

 only made their appearance during the Carboniferous and Permian 



* Zirkel ; Petrographie. Yol. h\, p. 71. 



