1868.] MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION. 297 



explanation of the curious and apparently anomalous fact that 

 some forms allied to Permian species actually exist in the Lower 

 Carboniferous, under the productive coal-measures. These 

 researches had also shown that no distinction between Sub- 

 carboniferous and Carboniferous proper, can fairly be made in 

 Nova Scotia, notwithstanding the grand development of the 

 Carboniferous in thickness. 



After noticing the large advances made in the fossil botany of 

 Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, the paper referred to the dis- 

 covery by Mr. Barnes of two new species of insects, and to 

 the discovery by the author of a new pulmonate mollusk, described 

 by Dr. P. P. Carpenter as Conulus priscus. There are thus in 

 the coal formation of Nova Scotia a Pupa and a Conulus or 

 Zonites, generically allied to living pulmonates, and representing 

 already in that early period two of the principal types of these 

 creatures.* 



Specimens of these fossils were exhibited, and also specimens 

 and a photograph of the Laurentian fossil Eozobn Canadense sent 

 by Sir. W. E. Logan. Special attention was drawn to the 

 specimen recently found by the Canadian Survey at Tudor, 

 which shows this organism in a state of preservation comparable 

 with that of ordinary Silurian fossils. 



On some remarkable fossil fishes, from the " Black 

 Shale" (Devonian) at Delaware, Ohio ; by J. S. Newberry. 

 — Dr. Newberry exhibited to the Section different portions of the 

 head of a gigantic fish, to which he had given the name of Dinichthys 

 Herzerl ; and which, he said, from its size and structure, deserved 

 the same distinction among fishes that Dinotherium andBinoDiis 

 enjoy among mammals and birds. Most of the bones obtained as 

 yet belonged to the head, which was over three feet long, by one 

 and a-half broad, and wonderfully strong and massive. All parts 

 of the head had been procured, ^ind many different individuals 

 were represented in the collections made by Mr. Herzer. The 

 cranium was composed of a number of plates firmly anchylosed 

 together, and strengthened near the occiput by internal ribs or 

 ridges, nearly as large as one's arm. The external surface was 

 covered with a very fine vermicular ornamentation. The anato- 

 mical structure was more wonderful than the size, and was such 

 as to separate this quite widely from any fishes known, living or 



* Acadian Geology. Second Edition. 



