1868.] 



HOOKER — ARCTIC FLORA. 



347 



species not found in Greenland. The following are found on the 

 arctic islands, and many of them on the west coast of Baffin's Bay, 

 but not in West Greenland : — 



Caltha palustris. 

 Parrya arctica. 

 Merkia physodes. 

 Stellaria crassifolia. 

 Astragalus alpinus. 

 Oxytropis campestris. 

 Uralensis. 



mgrescens. 



Sieuersia Rossii. 

 Saxifraga hieracifolia. 



Virginiensis. 



Hirculus (East 



Greenland only). 



Valeriana capitata. 



Nardosmia corymbosa. 

 Ptarmica vulgaris. 

 Chrysanthemum arcticum. 

 Artemisia vulgaris. 

 Senecio frigidus. 



palustris. 



pulchellus. 



Solidago Virga-aurea 

 Aster salsuginosus. 

 Crepis nana. 

 Saussurea alpina. 

 Arctostaphylos alpina. 

 Kalmia glauca. 

 Phlox Sibirica. 



Castilleja pallida. 

 Pedicularis capitata. 



versicolor. 



Androsace septentrionalis. 



Chamsejasme. 



Salix phlebophylla. 

 Lloydia serotina. 

 Hierochloe pauciflora. 

 Deschampsia caespitosa (East 



Greenland only). 

 Glyceria fluitans. 

 Pleuropogon Sabini. 

 Bromus purgans. 

 Elymus mollis.* 



There are thus no fewer than 184 of the 379 Arctic East 

 American species (fully half) which are absent in West Green- 

 land, whilst only 105 (much less than one- third) are absent in 

 Europe. This alone would make the limitation of species in the 

 meridian of Baffin's Bay more decided than in any other arctic 

 longitude ; and I shall show that it is rendered still more decisive 

 by the number of Arctic Greenland plants that do not cross to 

 Arctic East America. 



Of the 379 Arctic East American species only 56 are not found 

 in Temperate East America, of which two are absolutely confined 

 to this area ; two others (Parrya arenicola and Festuca Richard- 

 soni) to Arctic East and West America ; 25 are found in 

 Temperate West America, and about 20 are Rocky Mountain 

 species, and not found elsewhere in Temperate America. 



For our knowledge of this flora I am principally indebted to 

 the ' Flora Boreali- Americana,' and to Richardson'sf botanical 

 appendix to Franklin's first voyage — and his ' Boat Journey 

 through Rupert's Land.' I have also examined the materials 

 upon which the above works were founded, and the collections of 

 almost every subsequent journey and voyage, up to those of Dr. 



* Andromeda polifolia has been found in Greenland by Mr. Taylor, 

 an intelligent surgeon of whale ships, who has spent many seasons in 

 Baffin's Bay. He has given me a list of all the plants he knows. 



t I am indebted to Sir John Richardson for some corrections to this 

 list, which account for a few discrepancies between his lists of Arctic 

 American plants and my own ; these refer chiefly to genera and species 

 introduced into his lists, but here excluded. 



