1868.] HOOKER— ARCTIC FLORA. 353 



catalogue devoted to Greenland, where S. signifies that the species 

 is found only south of the arctic circle in that country. 



On the other hand, Temperate Greenland adds very materially 

 to the number of European Arctic species that do not enter 

 Eastern America (Arctic or Temperate), amongst which the most 

 remarkable are : — 



Cerastium viscosum. Galium palustre. Betula alpestris. 



Vicia cracca ? Leontodon autumnale. Juncus squarrosus. 



Rubus saxatilis. Hieracium murorum. Anthoxanthum odoratum. 



Sedum annuum. alpinum. Nardus stricta. 



Galium uliginosum. Gentiana aurea. 



Another anomalous feature in the Greenland flora is the presence, 

 on the East Arctic coast, of some species not found on the west, 

 nor in the temperate southern end of the peninsula. These are : — 



Lychnis dioica (Arctic Europe). 



Saxifraga Hirculus (abundant in all extreme arctic latitudes but West Greenland). 

 Polemonium casruleum (all arctic longitudes, but West Greenland). 

 Deschampsia caespitosa (all arctic longitudes, but also absent in Spitzbergen). 



For data connected with the Greenland flora, I am mainly 

 indebted to the collections of the various polar voyagers in search 

 of a north-west passage, especially to Drs. Lyall's and Sutherland's ; 

 to Lange's catalogue in Rincke's ' Greenland ' ; and to the notices 

 of Vahl, Greville, Sir William Hooker, etc., on the plants collected 

 by Sabine, Scoresby, Ross, Jameson, Graah, Vahl, etc. ; to 

 Sutherland's appendix to Penny's voyage and Durand's to Kane's 

 voyage. 



There is a curious affinity between Greenland and certain 

 localities in America, which concerns chiefly a few of the European 

 plants common to these countries. First, there are in Labrador, 

 or on the Rocky Mountains, or on the Mountains of New Eng- 

 land, etc., a certain number of European plants found nowhere 

 else in the American continent. T-hey are : — 



Ranunculus acris (Rocky Mountains). Gentiana nivalis (Labrador). 



Arabis alpina (Labrador). Veronica alpina (White Mountains). 



Lychnis alpina (do. & Newfoundland). Bartsia alpina (Labrador). 



Sibbaldia procumbens (do. & Wht. & Rky. Salix herbacea (Labr. and Wht. Mts.) 

 Potentilla verna (Labrador). [Mts.). Luzula spicata (White Mountains). 



Montia fontana C Labrador). Juncus trifidus (New England Mts.). 



Gnaphalium sylvaticum (Labrador). Carex capitata (White Mountains). 



supinum (Labr. and N. E. Mts.). Kobresia scirpina (Rocky Mountains). 



Cassiopeia hypnoides (Labr. & U. S. Mts.). Phleum alpinum (Labr. to White Mounts.). 

 Phyllodoce taxifolia (Labr. to N. E. Mts.). Calamagrostis lanceolata (Labrador). 



There are also two plants peculiar to Greenland, Labrador and the 



