1868.] MATTHEW — PALEOZOIC ROCKS. 389 



representation of the older Palaeozoic series in the Southern Hills. 



There is a large area of red felspar rocks in northern Cape 

 Breton, and masses of a similar character in Charlotte Co., N. B., 

 both of which may prove to be Lower Cambrian. 



It will be seen that these views are partially at variance with 

 conjectures offered in the last paragraph of page 428, and on 

 page 427 ; the latter should be applied to the southern band of 

 Cambrian slates (yielding gold and antimony) only.* 



Lower Carboniferous. — There is a great development of 

 this formation in the area N. and N. B. of the Quaco Hills, 

 drained by the Kennebeckasis and Petticodiac Rivers. The 

 following succession (see wood-cut,) observed on the slopes of 

 these hills, and in the lower valleys parallel to them, are beds, 

 collectively, of very considerable thickness, but some of them 

 vary much in bulk in other parts of this tract. They represent, 

 as nearly as can be judged without actual measurement, the 

 thickness of the formation in eastern Kings County. 



Nos. 1 to 5 are much attenuated in the western part of this 

 L. C. district, and have not been detected west of Hammond 

 River valley. In this western quarter also the upper members, 

 especially 6, 7, and 8 have a more considerable thickness than 

 elsewhere. The first of these (6) is much reduced in bulk about 

 the middle of the area ; and 7 changes its character or dis- 

 appears entirely in the east. 



The limestone and gypsum beds are but a small part of this 

 voluminous series, in which we were unable to find more than one 

 calcareous horizon ; the other outcrops of these rocks in the 

 valley appearing to be merely repetitions of the same beds thrown 

 up by faults. 



In No. 6 the salt springs of Sussex and Upham occur. No. 

 4 is rich in manganese derived from the Cambrian rocks, upon 

 and against which much of the lower carboniferous sediments of 

 this tract rest. 



Nos. 8 and 8 have complimentary characters in different parts 

 of it ; thus, the first towards the east has much bright-red sand- 

 stone, but on the Lower Kennebeckasis it is mostly chocolate 

 coloured, and largely made up of thick shale beds, while the 

 converse holds in regard to No. 8. The general prevalence of 



* Observations made for the Canadian Survey during the past summer 

 indicate that much of the slate country of the interior may be of Upper 

 Silurian or Lower Devonian age. — Oct. 1868. 



Yol. III. Y No. 5. 



