1868.] DRUMMOND— COMPARATIVE FLORAS. 435 



but scantily or not at all represented north of the Great Lakes or 

 in the valley of the St. Lawrence. The carices, it will be observed, 

 constitute nearly l-14th of our flowering plants. The asters 

 comprise thirty-one and the solidagos twenty-six species— the 

 larger number in each case being in Ontario — and together form 

 l-28th of phasnogams. The maximum development of these two 

 genera is probably in the Northern States, but they do not there 

 form so conspicuous a relation to the entire vegetation as, though 

 they comprise seventy-eight species, they constitute but l-33rd of 

 the flowering plants. Along the northern banks of the lower St. 

 Lawrence and among the Laurentide hills to the northward, the 

 same genera are, in both number of species and individuals of 

 each species, poorly represented ; and in the effect which they 

 elsewhere have upon the aspect of the shubby and herbaceous 

 vegetation, they are replaced by Cornus Canadensis and Vpc- 

 ciniums 



Ontario and Quebec. Northern States. 



Carex 118 Carex 153 



Aster 31 Aster ., 4I 



Solidago 26 Solidago 37 



Polygonum ici Juncus 26 



Ranunculus and Juncus, each i§ Potamogeton and Euphorbia, each. .. . 23 



Saiix 17 Polygonum 22 



Viola 16 Cyperus and Scirpus, each 21 



Euphorbia and Habenaria, each 15 Panicum and Helianthus, each 20 



Panicum 14 Desmodium and Ranunculus, each iq 



Potamogeton and Rumex, each 13 Habenaria x$ 



Poa 12 Quercus, Viola and Eleocharis, each. . 17 



Vaccinium 11 



Common to Ontario and Quebec on the one hand, and to the 

 Northern United States on the other, there are no less than 1,591 

 flowering and filicoid plants. Of these, 1,089 are dicotyledonous, 

 440 monocotyledonous, and 62 filicoid species. There are 

 thus eighty-five species which are without representatives 

 across the border. Of these, however, it should be specially 

 observed nineteen are manifestly introduced, and there are there- 

 fore only sixty-six indigenous plants which, as between the 

 two Provinces and the Northern States, are peculiar to the 

 former. There is thus a very marked similarity between the 

 floras of these two sections of country. The indigenous species 

 referred to include the following : — 



Anemone narcissiflora, L. Vesicaria arctica, Richn. 



Thalictrum alpinum, L. Draba hirta, L. 



Ranunculus affinis, R. Br. D. muralis, L. 



R. cardiophyllus, Hook. Thlaspi montanum, L. 



Caltha natans, Pallas. Cochlearia tridactylites, DC. 



Aquilegia vulgaris, L. Arenaria arctica, Steven. 



Arabis patula, Graham sp. Linum perenne, L. 



A. brachycarpa, Torr. & Gray sp. Astragalus Labradoricus, DC. 



A. retrofracta, Graham. Dryas octopetala, L. 



Erysimum lanceolatum, R. Br. D. Drummondii, Hook. 



