192 PROCEEDINGS OF UiaXED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



it included only three species, neither of which belongs to the present 

 group. Moreover, his first species {inwiersa) and third species {variolosa, 

 in i^art) belong to the older genus Usckaroides, as restricted and adopted 

 by him in the same work. The second is a Porina or PoreUlna. There- 

 fore it would be better to regSiTd JEscharcUa as a synonym oH Eschar oides 

 Edw. (1835), in Gray's restricted sense. Escharella D'Orbigny (1852) 

 was established wholly independently of Gray's genus, and is a group 

 entirely distinct from Gray's, and if the name is to be used at all, it 

 should be used only in D'Orbiguy's sense. Smittia, recently proposed by 

 Hinclcs (Ann. and Mag., Feb., 1879), may well be adopted, therefore, for 

 the present group. The following species, from our coast, belong to this 

 genus : 



Smittia porifGi-a (Smitt) Hincks. Massachusetts Bay to Labrador, 

 common. 



Smittia Candida (Stimp.) Verrill. Gulf of Maine, Bay of Fundy, etc. 



Smittia glob if era (Packard) Verrill. CascoBay to Labrador, common. 



Smittia auriculata (Hassal?) Verrill. Gulf of Maine. 



Smittia Landsborovii (Johnst.) Hincks. Massachusetts Bay, north- 

 ward, common. 



Smittia bella (Busk) Hincks. Gulf of St. Lawrence (WTiiteaves). 



The last species I have not seen from our coast; but I have at least 

 two additional, undetermined species. 



Smittia Candida V . {^= Lcj)ralia Candida Stiuipsou). 



This species has been entirely misunderstood by Suiitt and others, 

 owing doubtless to the imperfection of tlie original description. Stimp- 

 son's figure, however, represents very well the form of the aperture and 

 of the zooecia in young colonies, without ooecia and avicularia. The 

 zooecia are rather large, and conspicuously perforated over the front; 

 the aperture has a distinct rounded sinus. The avicularia, which are 

 usually absent on many or most of the zooecia of a colony-, are large, 

 obtusely rounded at the end, commonly placed transversely just in front 

 of the sinus, or sometimes partially within it, but on some crowded 

 colonies varying much in direction, some being direct, others oblique, 

 others transverse. Ooecia large, globose, usually perforate, but some- 

 times, wheti highly calcified, the pores mostly disappear, or become 

 small, and the surface becomes rough and granulous. It is very closely 

 related to S. 2>orifera, but has larger zooecia and avicularia, while the 

 usual obliquity of the latter is generally distinctive. 



Smittia globifera V. [—-Lcpralia ijJohlJ'era Packard, Canadian Naturalist, vol. viii, 



p. 40S). 



This species is very closely related to S. auriculata, ydtli Avhichlhave, 

 in former papers, united it. As compared with an authentic English 

 specimen of S. auriculata, received from the Kev. A. M. Xorman, the 

 zooecia and avicularia are about one-half larger, but of nearly the same 

 form. The zooecia are less regularly i^erforated. In our species, tlie 



