GRASSHOPPERS OF THE CONALCAEA COMPLEX— GURNEY 285 



part of a trail running from the fire cabin (7,200 feet) past "The 

 Tunnel,"^ down to Pieper's Trout Farm. The upper slopes are 

 precipitous, very rocky and with little soil. There are open stands 

 of yellow pine and small white-oak shrubs. Below there are low 

 dense thickets of manzanita, and the variety of trees, shrubs, and 

 herbs increases. Alligator juniper, spruce, fir, and sumac occur 

 there, in addition to oaks, and there is a layer of dead leaves and 

 pine needles. Most of the specimens of cantralli occurred among 

 the scrub oaks below "The Tunnel" and were caught with diffi- 

 culty; some were found amid bracken ferns in a clearing at the 

 edge of the forest.^ 



I am glad to give to this distinctive insect the name of my friend 

 Irving J. Cantrall, who in 1943 published a masterly account of 

 the ecology of the Orthoptera and Dermaptera of the George Re- 

 serve, Mich. (Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 54, 

 182 pp., 10 pis). 



CONALCAEA HUACHUCANA Rehn 



Although further confirmatory evidence is desirable, I have 

 concluded on the basis of material examined that there is inter- 

 gradation of the characters separating Conalcaea coyoterae from 

 C. huachucana and that these forms represent subspecies. Figure 

 60, g, h, demonstrates the intergradation occurring in the shape 

 of the male cercus. The shape of the dorsal valves of the aedeagus 

 also shows intergradation. A series from Greenlee County, Ariz., 

 is particularly intermediate in character. There is a progressive 

 change in cereal shape, and specimens of huachucana huachucana 

 from extreme southeastern Arizona have the ventrolateral ex- 

 tremity of the cercus more prolonged than specimens of the same 

 subspecies from more northern localities. A single male of h. hua- 

 chucana from near Gila Bend, Ariz., shows no intergradation with 

 coyoterae, and intergradation may prove to occur mainly in the 

 eastern part of Arizona. Ball et al. (1942) record coyoterae from 

 the Pinal Mountains (near Globe, Ariz.), and this suggests that 

 the northern form extends fartherest south in eastern Arizona. 



' "The Tunnel" is a historic point on the slope of the Mogollon escarpment, about a mile south- 

 east of the General Springs forest-fire station and near the head of East Verde Creek. Here, in 

 the winter of 1885-86, an abortive attempt waa made to construct a railroad tunnel. In placing: 

 this and other Arizona localities, the reader is referred to "Arizona Place Names," by Will C. 

 Barnes (Univ. Arizona Bull., vol. 6, No. 1, 503 pp., 1935). Also see Torre-Bueno's "Arizona Insect 

 Localities" (Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, vol. 32, pp. 187-194, 1937). 



* As an aid to an understanding of the plants mentioned in this paper, readers are referred to 

 Nichol's "The Natural Vegetation of Arizona" (Arizona Univ. Techn. Bull. 68, pp. 181-222, 22 

 pis., 1 map, 1943), to Benson and Harrow's "A Manual of Southwestern Desert Trees and Shrube" 

 (Univ. Arizona Bull., vol. 15, No. 2, 411 pp., 114 pis., 1944), and to Kearney and Peebles' "Flower- 

 ing Planta and Ferns of Arizona" (U. S. Dept. Agr. Misc. Publ. 423, 1,069 pp., 29 pis., 1942). 



