ACTINIANS OF GULF OF CALIFORNIA— CARLGREN 447 



other. Only the occurrence of Bunodosoma and still more of Phyl- 

 lactis indicates that a communication took place during earlier 

 periods. The fact is that both Bunodosoma and Phyllactis have 

 their principal distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. Besides, 

 Bunodosoma occurs in the southwest part of the Indian Ocean and 

 Phyllactis in the Red Sea. Species of the latter genus have been 

 described also from Japan and New Zealand but they may prob- 

 ably be referred to another genus. It is remarkable that the 

 actinian fauna of Baja California contains two genera, Nemanthus 

 and Gyrostoma, which seem to be exclusively Pacific. Nemanthus 

 occurs also off the coasts of Japan and the Bonin Islands. It seems, 

 however, to live usually in the lower littoral zone, but is known 

 from Misaki at a depth of 6 meters. Gyrostoma is common in the 

 Indian and Pacific Oceans, but not with certainty reported from 

 the Atlantic. The species taken in the West Indies is probably a 

 young Actinia (see above), and the badly preserved specimens of 

 G. monodi, from the coast of Cameroon, need a renewed exami- 

 nation. 



LITERATURE CITED 

 Andres, A. 



1883. Le Attinie. Atti Accad. Lincei Rome, ser. 3, vol. 14, pp. 211-673, 

 78 figs., 13 pis. 



CARLGREN, OSKAR. 



1898. Zoantharien der Hamburger Magalhaensische Sammelreise. Er- 



gebn. Hamburger Magalhaesischen Sammelreise 1892/93, vol. 1, 



pp. 1-47, 1 pi. 

 1912, Ceriantharia. The Danish /M^^o/Z-Expedition, vol. 5, pt. 3, pp. 1-76, 



16 figs., 5 pis. 

 1922. Actiniaria and Zoantharia von Juan Fernandez und der Osterinsel. 



The natural history of Juan Fernandez and Easter Island, 



edited by Dr. Carl Skottsberg, vol. 3, Zoology, pt. 2, No. 20, pp. 



145-160, 16 figs., 6 pis. 

 1927. Actiniaria. Contribution a I'etude de la faune du Cameroun. 



Edited by Th. Monod. Faune des Colonies Frangaises, vol. 1, pt. 



6, pp. 475-480, 4 figs. 

 1934. Zur Revision der Actiniarien. Arkiv for Zool., vol. 26A, No. 18, 



pp. 1-36, 18 figs. 

 1940. Eastern Pacific Expeditions of the New York Zoological Society. 



XIX. Actiniaria from the Gulf of California. Zoologica, vol. 



25, pt. 2, pp. 211-219, 8 figs. 

 Dana, J. D. 



1846-1849. Zoophytes. United States Exploring Expedition during the 



years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, under the command of Charles 



Wilkes, U.S.N., vol. 7, vi + 740 pp. Atlas, pp. 1-12, 61 pis., 



1849. 

 Duchassaing, p., and Michelotti, J. 



1860. Memoire sur les coralliaires des Antilles. Mem. Acad. Sci. Turin, 



ser. 2, vol. 19, pp. 1-89, 10 pis. 



