CYDNIDAE OF THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE— FROESCHNER 533 



ciliatus as that is the oldest one applied to any member of the group. 

 At present, however, the author believes that our knowledge of these 

 forms, as well as most of the rest of the family, is so fragmentary that 

 application of the "new systematics" should definitely await the 

 accumulation of more material and more intensive revisions. 



An additional feature that may be used to separate ciliatus from 

 crassus is the presence of more stout, blunt spines on the dorsal margin 

 of the anterior tibia of the latter form. In the specimens of ciliatus 

 examined, none showed more than seven or eight of these blunt 

 spines, but they often showed tapering spines based of the series. 

 These latter may make interpretation of this feature difficult until 

 a little experience is gained, as crassus shows nine or ten blunt spines. 

 With some experience, however, one can learn to recognize the greater 

 space between the spines, especially on the apical third, as it occurs 

 on the tibia of ciliatus (fig. 123). In crassus the spines of the same 

 region are more numerous and closely spaced. 



Collecting notes and field experience indicate that ciliatus is a species 

 of sandy areas and that it frequently comes to light after dark. One 

 specimen from Louisiana bore the label, "with sweet potato." Another 

 small collection of adults and nymphs was noted on "chufa" in 

 Mississippi; and Hart (1919, p. 205) reported nymphs and adults 

 "from Georgia as injurious to the chufa, or edible sedge-root (Cyperus 

 esculentus L.)." 



The several nymphs seen belonged to later instars and all showed 

 the typical hind tibia, the convex, coarsely rugose head, and the 

 submarginal row of spines on the head which are characteristic of 

 the adults. 



Cyrtomemis {Cyrtomenus) crassus Walker, new status 



Plate fioures 57, 245 



Cyrtomenus crass^is Walker, 1867, p. 147. 



Cyrtomenus obtusus Uhler, 1877, p. 369. New synonymy. 



Cyrtomemis mirahilis Distant, 1880, p. 3 (part).- — Signoret, 1881b, p. 199 (part, 



not figure).— Uhler, 1886, p. 3 (part).— Van Duzee, 1917, p. 18 (part). 

 Cyrtomenus castaneus Lethierry and Severin, 1893, p. 62. 

 Cyrtomenus vestigiatus Distant, 1903, p. 525. New synonymy. 



Diagnosis. — The very broadly rounded anteocular part of the head 

 beyond which the eyes project only slightly (fig. 57) added to the 

 presence of a postmedian row of setigerous punctures on lateral third of 

 sternites IV to VI will separate this species from aU others in the 

 subgenus. 



Description. — Male : 



Head: Length more than half width, L50(1.43-1.62) :2.20(2.08- 

 2.36) ; interocular width, 1.37(1.30-1.49) ; anterior outlme very broadly 



