PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 71 



which may be enumerated the varieties of Dendroeca petechia, recognized 

 by him in 18G9 (Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forhandl., 18G9, pp. G07-G09): 

 l>enilroeca petechia : 



a. hartkolcmica. 



h. cruciana (=ruficapilla Baird). 



c. harJjadensis. 



d. cnbana (=gundhichi Baird). 



e. jamaicensis ( = petechia Bairtl). 

 /. gallapagensis ( = aureola Gould). 

 g. peruviana f 



h. aequatorialis f 



i. panamensisf ( = vieinotiCass). 



All of which he properly described. 



He was closely followed by Herman Schlegel, who, in 1844, applied the 

 system to all the European birds in his ''Kevue critique des oiseaux 

 d'Europe." In this catalogue he enumerates 489 species, plus 27 sub- 

 species or varieties, the latter designated by trinominals, e.g.: 

 Anthus pratensis rujigularis. 

 2IotacilIa alba higuhris. 

 MotaciUafla va rayi. 

 Motacilla jiava cinereocapilla. 

 Motacilla Jtava melanocephala. 

 Garrulus gknutarius melanocephahis. 

 Stnrnns vulgaris miicolor. 

 Passer domcsticus cisalpinus. 

 TJria grijUe inandtii. 



From this enumeration it is perfectly clear how "modern" Schlegel 

 was as early as 1844, not only in adding the subspccific name without 

 any connecting word or letter, but also by acknowledging the law of 

 priority in the use of the trinominals, which Sundevall failed to do. For 

 every 18 binominals this first trinominalistic list of the birds of Europe 

 contained 1 trinominal. 



From that moment it is difficult to find ornithological wTiters of any 

 prominence on the continent of Europe who have not, at least occa- 

 sionally, used trinominals, while several authors applied three names 

 to geographical races quite freely, for instance, Bonaparte, ^liddendorff", 

 V. Schrenck, Malmgren, etc. 



But the idea of Sundevall and Schlegel was further developed by 

 faithful followers. In 1801 J. H. Blasius printed in the German lan- 

 guage a list of the birds of Europe for his own private use. The fol- 

 lowing year (18G2) this list of "one of the highest authorities in this 

 branch of the science" was reprinted in England with the author's ad- 

 ditions, and edited by Prof. Alfred isewton under the title "A List of the 

 Birds of Europe." This list enumerates 523 species (420 breeding or 

 regularly visiting + 103 accidental visitors), designated by biuomi-. 



