PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 305 



Vol. VII, ]¥o. 90. IV.asliiii^ton, D. C. Aii§r. 28, 1884. 



of two lateral bands, and. a dusky caudal spot. The color in spirits 

 differs only in the blue becoming dusky. 



This species is the •' Grunt" par excellence of our South Atlantic coast. 

 It is not rare in West Florida and on the Carolina coast, while at Key 

 West it is the most abundant food-fish, the amount taken during the 

 year exceeding that of all other shore species combined. At Havana 

 it is proportionally much less common, though still the most abundant 

 of its genus. It does not usually exceed a foot in length, although in- 

 dividuals 18 inches long are sometimes taken. These large Grunts 

 have the back and nape more elevated, and correspond to Cuvier's H. 

 arenatum. 



This species was well represented by Catesby, but Linnaeus has re- 

 ferred Catesby's figure to the synonymy of his Percaformosa, which is 

 2i Serranus. From this mistake it has come that the name /on«osMW 

 has been transferred from the Serranus to the Hamulon. This is inad- 

 missible. The oldest name ever actually given to this species is that 

 of Lahrus phmiieri, Lacepede. This name is based on a rough copy of a 

 drawing by Plumier. Cuvier, who had examined this drawing, referred 

 it to the present species, so that there seems to be no doubt that the 

 name plumieri belongs here. Poey's H. suharcuatum seems to be a color 

 variety of his if. arara, which is the ordinal' j plumieri. 



13. Haemulon flavolineatum. French Grunt; Open-mouth Grunt; Eonco Condenado. 



JJiabasis flavolineatus, Desmarest, Prem. Decade Ichth., 1823, 35, pi. 2, f. 1; 



Desmarest, Dictionnaire Ciassique, v., 235, about 1825, tab. 98, f. 1 



(Cuba). 

 Anarmosius flavolineatus, Putnam, Bull. M. C. Z., 1863, 12 (name only). 

 Hcemulon flavolineatum, POEY, Eei)ertorio, i, 309, 1867; Poey, Synopsis, 318; 



PoEY, Enumeratio, 45; Jordan, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1884, 126 (Key 



West). 

 Ewmulon heterodon, CuviER, Kfegne Animal, ed. 2, 1829 {Bidhase raye'e of Des- 

 marest); Cuv. & Val.,v, 1830, 255 (Martinique); PoEY, Repertorio, i, 



1867, 309. 

 ? Hcemulon canna, Cuv. & Val., v, 253, 1830 (Martinique). 

 ? Hcemulon honariense, Cuv. & Val., v, 1830, 254 (Bu6nos Ayres). 

 Hwmulon xanthopteron, Cuv. & Val., v, 1830, 254 (Martinique). 

 Hcemulon xanthopterum, GIjnther, i, 2Vz, 1859 (Martinique; Jamaica; Trinidad; 



Puerto Cabello). 

 Emmulum xanthopterum, COPE, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc, 1871, 471 (St. Croix). 

 Hcemylumxanihopttrum, Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., IftfeO, 96 (Bermuda; no 



descr.). 



Hahitat. — West Indies. Florida Keys and Bermudas to Brazil. 



Head, 3 (3f ! ) ; depth, 2| (3f ). D. XII, 14. A. Ill, 8. Scales, 6-50-11. 

 Length, 7 inches. 



Body, oblong-ovate, comparatively deep and compressed ; back some- 

 what elevated. Anterior profile, nearly straight from the tip of the 



Proc. Nat. Mus. 84 20 



