34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. tol. 45. 



A cecum about 10 mm. long is probably one of the generic cliar- 

 acters. (See p. 14.) 



Geographic distribution. — The genus Tupaia has a wider distribution 

 than any of the other genera of the family, ranging on the west from 

 northeastern India, Burma, and Nicobar Islands eastward to members 

 of the Philippine Islands which geographically are extensions of Borneo ; 

 on the north from central China south to Sumatra, including islands 

 on the southwest coast, Java, and Borneo. It does not occur on 

 Celebes, nor islands to the east of Java, with the possible exception of 

 Bali, whose fauna is not well known. 



Number of forms. — Tupaia, the most generalized member of the 

 family contains the largest number of specific and subspecific forms, 

 48 named forms being recognized in this revision. As a matter of 

 convenience, the genus may be divided into four fairly well-marked 

 sections and each of these mto secondary groups and subgroups. I feel 

 sure, however, that the divisions are not natural ones, and it is quite 

 possible in most cases to start with any given subdivision and by 

 means of diverging forms pass into or at least toward some other sub- 

 division. The most strikingly differentiated of the forms are Tupaia 

 nicobarica and T. picta. The sections, groups, and subgroups, into 

 which the genus may be divided are: 



I. Members with the tail longer than head and body, central upper 

 incisors large in comparison with lateral pair, lower canines well 

 developed, and third lower incisor reduced in size, general shape of 

 skull normal. Contains two groups. 



1. Nicobarica group. Size large, general color brown, black area on 

 lower back; mammas, 1-1=2. 



Tupaia nicobarica nicobarica, Great Nicobar Island, page 103. 

 Tupaia nicobarica surda, Little Nicobar Island, pi. 3, fig. 1; pi. 10, 

 fig. 7, page 104. 



2. Javanica group, size small, general color olivaceous above and 

 dark below; mammae 2-2 = 4. 



Tupaia javanica, Sumatra, Nias Island, Java, pi. 3, fig. 2; pi. 10, 

 fig. 1, page 106. 

 II. Members also -with, the tail longer than head and body, and 

 largely developed central upper incisors and lo;wer canines, but ros- 

 trum of skull very short and stubby and brain case relatively inflated, 

 the general shape of the skull being quite atypical. General colora- 

 tion oHvaceous above, light below, mammse, 2-2 = 4. Contains only 

 one group. 



1. Minor group. Characters as above. 



Tupaia minor minor, Borneo, pi. 3, fig. 3; pi. 10, fig. 3, page 110. 

 Tupaia minor malaccana, Sumatra, southern Malay Peninsula, 



and Linga Island, pi. 10, fig. 4, page 114. 

 Tupaia minor sincipis, Sinkep Island, page 115. 



