NO. 1976. TREESHREWS: FAMILY TUPAIID^—LYON. 41 



the distance from the pit to the posterior edge of the external auditory 

 meatus. 



MeasuHments. — Tupaia glis is a relatively large species. The usual 

 measurements are : Head and body, 170-200 mm.; tail, 150-175; hind 

 foot, 45-50; condylobasal length, 45-50; zygomatic width, 25-27; 

 width of brain case, 18-21; maxillary tooth row, 17-20. 



Subspecies. — Six geographic forms of Tupaia glis may be recog- 

 nized. They are all insular, except ferruginea occurring on the Malay 

 Peninsula and Sumatra, but appear so closely allied to one another 

 that it is often impossible to distinguish them one from the other 

 with certainty. 

 The forms are : 



Tupaia glis ferruginea, southern third of Mala}^ Peninsula, 

 Sumatra, page 41. 



Tupaia glis glis, Penang Island, page 45. 



Tupaia glis hatamana, Batam Island, page 46. 



Tupaia glis sordida, Tioman Island, page 48. 



Tupaia glis pemangilis, Pemangil Island, page 48. 



Tupaia glis pulonis, Aor Island, page 47. 

 RemarJcs. — Tupaia glis is quite a plastic species, as the number of 

 subspecies shows. The next three species, T. pliaeura, T. tepJirura, 

 and T. demissa, are all geographic forms of T. glis, but differentiation 

 has proceeded so much further that their specific distinctness can not 

 be questioned. It is perhaps a slight misfortune that the earliest 

 name appHed to the species was given to one of the insular races and 

 not to the real parent form occurring on the large land masses. As a 

 matter of convenience the mamland subspecies is here treated first 

 and most of the comparisons are made with it. The mainland form 

 is the most common in collections and the most convenient to work 

 with. 



TUPAIA GLIS FERRUGINEA Raffles. 



1821. Tupaia ferruginea Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, voL 13, 1822, p. 256, 



published May, 1821. 

 1821. Tupaya press Geoffroy and Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Mamm., voL 3, livr. 35, 



p. 1, and Sorex-Glis press on p. 2, December, 1821, perhaps early in 1822. 



1842. Cladobates ferruginea, Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Mamm., a-oI. 7, Tab. Gen. Meth., 

 p. 2. 



1843. Eylogalea ferruginea, Schlegel and Muller, Verh. Nat. Ges. Nederl. 

 Overz. Bezitt., p. 163, pi. 26, fig. 3; pl. 27, figs. 7-10. 



1879. Tupaia ferruginea, Anderson, Zool. Rea. West. Yunnan, p. 130, pl. 7, 

 figs. 4 and 5. 



Type-locality. — Bencoolen, Sumatra. 



Type-specimen. — British Museum Register No. 79.11.21.573, skin 

 and skuU of adult male, marked "Indian Mus. Coll. Sumatra, Sir S. 

 RaflEles." It is probably one of the specimens from ''the woods 

 near Bencoolen." Raffles says: "First observed tame in the house 



