110 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.45. 



Slcull and teeth. — The skull and teeth of Tupaia minor are the 

 smallest of any member of the genus. The rostrum is relatively 

 very short and stubby, and the brain case appears large and rounded 

 in contrast. The distance between the two lachrymal notches is 

 about equal to the distance from that notch to the front of the 

 central upper incisors. In Tupaia javanica the distance between 

 the two lachrymal notches is equal to the distance from the notch 

 to the space between the first and second upper incisors. The whole 

 shape of the skull of Tupaia minor is quite unhke that of Tupaia 

 javanica or other species of Tupaia except Tupaia gracilis, which 

 has a skull of the same general style as Tupaia minor but slightly 

 larger. The teeth of Tupaia minor are of the same form as those of 

 T. javanica and T. nicoharica. The central upper incisors are large 

 and heavy in comparison with most species of Tupaia, and the lower 

 canines strongly developed and the third lower incisor correspond- 

 ingly reduced in size. Quite a little variation in the shape and size 

 of the skull of Tupaia minor appears to exist, more so than is usually 

 seen in most species of Tupaia; most of it, however, maybe accounted 

 for by differences in age. 



Subspecies. — Three geographic races of Tupaia minor are here 

 recognized — typical minor, the most distinct of them confined to 

 Borneo; malaccana, occuning in Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula, 

 and the island of Linga; and what is in reality a subspecies of this 

 form, occurring on the island of Singkep. 



RemarJcs. — Tupaia minor is a well-marked species. It differs from 

 T. javanica in being smaller, in having light, clear-colored underparts, 

 and in its peculiar form of skull. It differs from Tupaia gracilis in 

 its smaller size, less bushy tail, and in having teeth like those of T. 

 javanica and not like those of T. glis ferruginea. The forms of Tupaia 

 minor recognized here are perhaps as distinct as some forms often 

 recognized as species, but the three are so closely allied to one another 

 and they form such a compact group that it is a matter of great 

 convenience to regard them as all belonging to one species. The 

 available material of this species is not entirely satisfactory, although 

 a large number of specimens exists in various museums, much of it 

 is unsuited for systematic work, and many of the specimens are 

 immature. 



TUPAIA MINOR MINOR Giinther. 



1876. Tupaia minor Gunther, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1876, p. 426. 

 1888. Gliporaleucogaster Jentink, Cat. Syst. Mamm. Mus. Hist. Nat., vol.12, p. 

 116, 1888. A manuscript name of Diard, published by Jentink in a list of 

 specimens of Tupaia javanica. As T. javanica does not occur in Borneo, and 

 the two specimens have white bellies, they are probably examples of this 

 species. Type-locality Pontianak, western Borneo. 

 Type-locality. — Borneo, opposite the island of Labuan. 

 Type-specimens. — In the British Museum, five cotypes, Reg. Nos. 

 76.5.2.21, 76.5.2.22, 76.5.2.23, 76.5.2.24, 76.5.2.25, skins and skulls, 



