NO. 1976. TREESHREWS: FAMILY TUPAIID^— LYON. 117 



in Tupaia javanica and usually of a less clear whitish or buff color 

 than in T. minor; tail, long, soft, and more distichously haired than 

 in either T. javanica or T. minor, the upper surface a fine grizzle of 

 blackish and buffy or sometimes russet, the darker color in excess; 

 underside of tail similar, but the dark element less conspicuous, ex- 

 cept along the edges and at tip, on either side of middle line a clear 

 or nearly clear area of the buff or russet color; shoulder stripe light 

 buffy in color, less conspicuous than it is in Tupaia minor. 



Shull and teeth. — The skull of Tupaia gracilis is of the same general 

 shape as that of T. minor, with a rather large inflated brain case and a 

 short stubby rostrum, but as a whole the skull is larger and the brain 

 case relatively more enlarged. The teeth are strildngly different 

 from those of Tupaia minor or T. javanica in the moderate develop- 

 ment of the central upper incisors, the lack of special development of 

 the lower canines, and the relatively greater size of the third lower 

 incisor. The teeth are essentially of the same form as those of 

 Tupaia glis ferruginea, while the skull as a whole is essentially of 

 the form of that of T. minor. 



Subspecies. — Three subspecies of Tupaia gracilis are here recog- 

 nized, the typical form on Borneo, a race on Karimata and another on 

 Banka and Billiton. 



Remarlcs. — Tupaia gracilis is a very distinct species and its com- 

 bination of external, cranial, and dental characters serve to distin- 

 guish it very clearly from T. javanica and T. minor, which resemble 

 it superficially. The available material of T gracilis is even more 

 unsatisfactory than that of T minor. It is apparently a rare animal 

 and many of the specimens are not fully adult, or are not in the best 

 condition for systematic work. The distribution of this species is 

 rather limited. Outside of Borneo the only islands on which it 

 occurs are islands whose fauna is very closely related to that of Borneo. 



TUPAIA GRACILIS GRACILIS Thomas. 



1893. Tupaia gracilis Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, vol. 12, p. 53, July, 

 1893. 



Type-locality. — Apoh River, base of Mount Batu Song, Baram 

 District, northern Borneo. 



Type-specimen. — In British Museum, Reg. No. 92.9.6.2. Collected 

 on Apoh River, base of Mount Batu Song, northern Borneo, in Sep- 

 tember, 1891, by A. H. Everett; skin in good condition, but skuU 

 with occipital region and basal parts of brain case broken away. 



Geographic distribution. — Probably generally distributed through- 

 out Borneo; specimens in collection are known only from Baram 

 District and southwestern Borneo. See No. 5 on map on page 111. 



Diagnosis. — Tupaia gracilis gracilis is the largest of the tlu'ee sub- 

 species, hind foot over 40 mm., without special peculiarities of color, 

 less russet color present posteriorly, and slightly larger skull. 



