Mesozoic and CUenozoic Geology and Palceontology. 229 



ries. The waoon roarl IVom Toquerville to Paria, a little town on the 

 Paria river, soon after climbing the Hurricane Ledge, reaches the foot 

 of the Vermilion Cliffs, and continues at this geological horizon until 

 it commences to descend into the valley of the Pai'ia. For seventy-five 

 miles the road lies under this great ledge, whose salient buttes, deep 

 alcoves, terraced and buttressed walls, towering pinnacles, all brightly 

 colored in orange, vermilion and purple, and dotted here and there 

 with straggling cedars and nut pines, constitute a grand panorama to 

 the passing traveler. Flaming Gorge, on Green river, is cut through 

 beds of this group, and received its name from the bright colors of the 

 sandstone. Labyrinth Canon and Glen Canon present fine exposures, 

 and fine exposures may also be seen along the Colorado Chiquito. 



The Shinarump Group is separable into the Upper Shinarump 

 consisting of bad-land sandstones with muchg3-psum; often argilla- 

 ceou:j; sometimes indurated sandstones. 2d, the Shinarump conglo- 

 merate, consisting of a fine conglomerate, not easil}' recognized toward 

 the north, about 20 feet in thickness, but increasing southward until 

 it attains 200, feet. It is found capping an extensive escarpment, known 

 as the Shinarump Cliff's. And 3d, the Lower Shinarump, consisting 

 of bad-land sandstones with much gypsum ; sometimes argillaceous; 

 in a few places the_v are indurated sandstones; sometimes unconform- 

 able hy erosion with the next. In such places a conglomerate is found 

 at the base, composed of rounded and angular fragments of carbon- 

 iferous rocks. 



The variegated beds above and below the conglomerate are seen in 

 many places on either flank of the Uinta Mountains, and from time to 

 time this horizon is brought up hy faults or flexures in all the stretch 

 of country which intervenes between the Shinarump CliflTs and the 

 Uinta Mountains. This group may be seen at the foot of the clifl" on 

 the south side of Flaming Gorge, and throughout the valley of Sheep 

 Creek. Outcrops are found in Po Canon district, at the foot of the 

 Yampa plateau to the east, south and west, from the foot of "Whirlpool 

 Canon, through the Island Park district, and south of Echo Park, at 

 the foot of the Yampa plateau. 



The Shinarump Conglomerate is characterized by the occurrence of 

 silicified wood in large quantities. Sometimes trunks of ti'ees occur, 

 from 50 to 100 feet in length. Shinarump means literally " Shin-au- 

 av's Rock." Shinauav is one of the Gods of the Indians of that coun- 

 try, and the3" believed these trees to have been his arrows. 



The plane of demarkation between the Shinarump and the summit 

 of the Carboniferous is always well marked. 



