﻿REVISIOX 
  OF 
  AMERICAN 
  CLINGFISHES 
  — 
  SCHULTZ 
  51 
  

  

  8b. 
  Middle 
  Incisorlike 
  teeth 
  of 
  both 
  jaws 
  usually 
  trifid, 
  seldom 
  worn 
  

   ciCf 
  smooth 
  even 
  on 
  adults; 
  dorsal 
  rays 
  6 
  to 
  8; 
  anal 
  G 
  or 
  7; 
  

   jiectoral 
  19 
  to 
  21 
  (usually 
  IJ) 
  or 
  20) 
  ; 
  bony 
  ridges 
  on 
  upper 
  

   part 
  of 
  snout 
  rather 
  well 
  developed 
  (Ecuador 
  to 
  Gulf 
  of 
  

  

  California) 
  Arbaciosa 
  rhodospila 
  ((Jiinther) 
  

  

  56. 
  Three 
  or 
  four 
  larixe 
  hourglass-shaped 
  daric 
  brown 
  or 
  blackish 
  blotches 
  

   from 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  dorsal 
  fin 
  to 
  rear 
  of 
  head 
  ; 
  a 
  fainter 
  one 
  sometimes 
  

   on 
  top 
  of 
  head 
  ; 
  side 
  of 
  head 
  with 
  four 
  oblique 
  bars 
  and 
  sides 
  of 
  body 
  

   with 
  dark 
  bars 
  ; 
  incisors 
  with 
  trifid 
  tips; 
  dorsal 
  rays 
  7 
  to 
  9; 
  anal 
  6 
  to 
  

   9 
  (rarely 
  G 
  or 
  9) 
  ; 
  pectoral 
  18 
  to 
  23 
  (West 
  Indies; 
  Guatemala 
  to 
  

  

  Brazil) 
  Arbaciosa 
  fasciata 
  (Peters) 
  

  

  36. 
  None 
  of 
  the 
  teeth 
  with 
  trifid 
  tips. 
  

  

  10a. 
  Middle 
  pair 
  of 
  incisors 
  on 
  both 
  jaws 
  much 
  broader 
  and 
  longer 
  than 
  

  

  adjoining 
  pairs 
  ; 
  posterolateral 
  teeth 
  small 
  and 
  conical 
  ; 
  rims 
  of 
  orbits 
  

  

  bony, 
  elevated 
  ; 
  opercular 
  spine 
  strongly 
  developed 
  and 
  forming 
  

  

  posteriormost 
  tip 
  of 
  head 
  ; 
  valvular 
  flap 
  and 
  margin 
  of 
  anterior 
  nostril 
  

  

  with 
  its 
  margin 
  finely 
  fringed 
  with 
  short 
  cirri 
  ; 
  gill 
  membrane 
  attached 
  

  

  at 
  upper 
  anterior 
  edge 
  of 
  pectoral 
  fin 
  base; 
  fleshy 
  pad 
  well 
  developed 
  

  

  on 
  outer 
  lower 
  surface 
  of 
  pectoral 
  base, 
  with 
  a 
  free 
  membranous 
  

  

  edge 
  posteriorly 
  ending 
  at 
  ba.se 
  of 
  tenth 
  to 
  twelfth 
  pectoral 
  ray 
  ; 
  

  

  shoulder 
  girdle 
  with 
  a 
  free 
  dermal 
  flap 
  extending 
  dorsally 
  nearly 
  to 
  

  

  attachment 
  of 
  gill 
  membrane; 
  anal 
  ori^rin 
  under 
  base 
  of 
  second 
  or 
  

  

  third 
  from 
  last 
  dorsal 
  fin 
  ray; 
  disk 
  large, 
  its 
  length 
  about 
  equal 
  to 
  

  

  head 
  and 
  contained 
  about 
  2% 
  to 
  2-i/f, 
  in 
  standard 
  length 
  ; 
  anus 
  just 
  

  

  behind 
  rear 
  margin 
  of 
  disk; 
  origin 
  of 
  dorsal 
  fin 
  a 
  trifle 
  closer 
  to 
  tip 
  

  

  of 
  opercular 
  spine 
  than 
  midcaudal 
  fin 
  base; 
  dorsal 
  rays 
  10 
  or 
  11 
  

  

  (usually 
  11) 
  ; 
  anal 
  8 
  or 
  9 
  ; 
  pectoral 
  24 
  or 
  25 
  {Sici/ascH 
  Miiller 
  and 
  

  

  Troschel 
  ) 
  . 
  

  

  llo. 
  Dorsal 
  origin 
  equidistant 
  between 
  midcaudal 
  fin 
  base 
  and 
  upper 
  edge 
  

  

  of 
  gill 
  opening 
  to 
  middle 
  of 
  length 
  of 
  upper 
  pectoral 
  rays; 
  distance 
  

  

  from 
  base 
  of 
  last 
  dorsal 
  ray 
  to 
  midcaudal 
  fin 
  base 
  in 
  upper 
  edge 
  of 
  

  

  gill 
  opening 
  to 
  dorsal 
  origin 
  1.80 
  to 
  2.35; 
  length 
  of 
  caudal 
  peduncle 
  

  

  in 
  snout 
  tip 
  to 
  anal 
  origin 
  15.50 
  to 
  7.36; 
  base 
  of 
  dorsal 
  fin 
  in 
  head 
  

  

  1.90 
  to 
  2.40; 
  ba.se 
  of 
  anal 
  fin 
  in 
  bead 
  2.83 
  to 
  4.06; 
  base 
  of 
  dorsal 
  fin 
  

  

  In 
  snout 
  tip 
  to 
  dorsal 
  origin 
  3.70 
  to 
  4.G7 
  ; 
  base 
  of 
  anal 
  fin 
  in 
  snout 
  

  

  tip 
  to 
  anal 
  origin 
  G.70 
  to 
  8.8.'i 
  (Chile 
  and 
  I'eru). 
  

  

  Sicyases 
  sanguineus 
  Miiller 
  and 
  Troschel 
  

   116. 
  Dorsal 
  origin 
  equidistant 
  between 
  iiiidcaudal 
  fin 
  base 
  and 
  middle 
  

   of 
  postorbital 
  length 
  of 
  head 
  ; 
  base 
  of 
  last 
  dorsal 
  ray 
  to 
  midcaudal 
  

   fin 
  base 
  In 
  upper 
  edge 
  of 
  gill 
  opening 
  to 
  dorsal 
  (trigin 
  1.(55; 
  length 
  

   of 
  caudal 
  iH?duncle 
  in 
  snout 
  tip 
  to 
  anal 
  origin 
  5.26; 
  base 
  of 
  dorsal 
  

   fln 
  in 
  head 
  1.55; 
  base 
  of 
  anal 
  fin 
  in 
  head 
  2.14; 
  base 
  of 
  dorsal 
  fin 
  in 
  

   snout 
  tip 
  to 
  dorsal 
  origin 
  3.04; 
  iiasi' 
  of 
  anal 
  fln 
  in 
  snout 
  tip 
  to 
  anal 
  

   origin 
  5.10 
  (Juan 
  Ffrnrmdcz 
  Island). 
  

  

  Sicyases 
  hildebrandi, 
  new 
  species 
  

   106. 
  Middle 
  pair 
  of 
  Incisors 
  not 
  enlarged, 
  all 
  the 
  Inci.sorllke 
  or 
  conical 
  teeth 
  

   at 
  front 
  of 
  both 
  Jaws 
  of 
  nearly 
  same 
  size 
  and 
  length; 
  front 
  of 
  lower 
  

   Jaw 
  with 
  small 
  incisors 
  In 
  2 
  or 
  3 
  pairs, 
  with 
  smooth 
  tips; 
  posterolat- 
  

   eral 
  teeth 
  smaller, 
  conical, 
  sometimes 
  one 
  or 
  two 
  a 
  little 
  enlarged 
  

   and 
  almost 
  cardnelike; 
  ustuilly 
  a 
  small 
  patch 
  of 
  very 
  short 
  conical 
  

   teeth 
  behind 
  outer 
  row 
  of 
  larger 
  teeth 
  at 
  front 
  of 
  jaws 
  b\it 
  sometimes 
  

   lacking 
  fir 
  reduced 
  to 
  1 
  or 
  2 
  teeth 
  ; 
  rims 
  of 
  orbits 
  not 
  elevated 
  or 
  bony 
  ; 
  

   anterior 
  nostril 
  with 
  a 
  dermal 
  flap, 
  sometimes 
  with 
  liifid 
  or 
  even 
  

  

  