﻿MACHAEROIDES 
  EOTHEN 
  MATTHEW 
  — 
  OAZIN 
  343 
  

  

  Moreover, 
  the 
  condyle 
  is 
  lower 
  with 
  respect 
  to 
  the 
  tooth 
  row. 
  

   The 
  angle, 
  less 
  widely 
  separated 
  from 
  the 
  condyle, 
  does 
  not 
  curve 
  

   downward 
  from 
  the 
  nearly 
  straight 
  lower 
  margin 
  of 
  the 
  jaw 
  

   but 
  preserves 
  the 
  alignment 
  practically 
  to 
  its 
  extremity, 
  more 
  so 
  

   than 
  in 
  Apataeh/jus. 
  The 
  masseteric 
  fossa 
  is 
  well 
  defined 
  with 
  

   a 
  sharp 
  masseteric 
  crest 
  anterodorsally 
  ; 
  however, 
  the 
  fossa, 
  as 
  

   in 
  Apataelurus 
  and 
  also 
  Pafriofelis, 
  extends 
  farther 
  forward 
  be- 
  

   neath 
  the 
  carnassial 
  than 
  in 
  Limnocyon 
  and 
  Thinocyon. 
  The 
  

   mental 
  foramina 
  are 
  beneath 
  Pj 
  and 
  the 
  posterior 
  root 
  of 
  P-j 
  and 
  

   placed 
  relatively 
  low 
  on 
  the 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  jaw. 
  

  

  Lower 
  dentition. 
  — 
  The 
  lower 
  teeth 
  are 
  all 
  present, 
  although 
  

   the 
  right 
  canine 
  and 
  Po 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  left 
  carnassial 
  and 
  median 
  

   incisors 
  are 
  slightly 
  damaged. 
  The 
  lower 
  incisors 
  of 
  Machae- 
  

   roides 
  eothen 
  were 
  most 
  certainly 
  reduced 
  to 
  two. 
  The 
  lateral 
  

   of 
  these 
  is 
  the 
  larger 
  of 
  the 
  two, 
  and 
  both, 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  

   upper 
  incisors, 
  are 
  piercing 
  type 
  structures 
  with 
  transversely 
  

   flattened 
  roots. 
  In 
  lateral 
  view 
  the 
  canine 
  appears 
  moderately 
  

   robust 
  at 
  the 
  alveolar 
  border 
  but 
  is 
  transversely 
  flattened 
  and 
  

   tapers 
  rapidly 
  to 
  a 
  point 
  only 
  a 
  little 
  above 
  the 
  closely 
  adjacent 
  

   incisors. 
  Moreover, 
  it 
  shows 
  a 
  pronounced 
  scar 
  or 
  bevel 
  verti- 
  

   cally 
  along 
  its 
  posterolateral 
  surface, 
  worn 
  through 
  occlusion 
  with 
  

   the 
  superior 
  canines. 
  

  

  The 
  cheek 
  teeth 
  appear 
  decidedly 
  slender, 
  and 
  the 
  two 
  anterior 
  

   premolars, 
  both 
  of 
  which, 
  however, 
  retain 
  two 
  roots, 
  are 
  of 
  rather 
  

   small 
  size. 
  P3 
  is 
  about 
  intermediate 
  in 
  size 
  and 
  development 
  be- 
  

   tween 
  P2 
  and 
  P^. 
  It 
  has 
  a 
  crested 
  talonid, 
  almost 
  as 
  in 
  P4; 
  a 
  

   structure 
  but 
  very 
  feebly 
  expressed 
  in 
  Po. 
  P3 
  is 
  without 
  a 
  para- 
  

   conid. 
  whereas 
  in 
  P, 
  this 
  cusp 
  is 
  low 
  but 
  distinct. 
  Both 
  P3 
  and 
  P4 
  

   are 
  more 
  progressive 
  than 
  in 
  Limnocyon 
  and 
  Thinocyon; 
  however, 
  

   in 
  Apataelurus 
  P.-^ 
  has 
  become 
  relatively 
  much 
  reduced 
  in 
  size. 
  

   P^ 
  in 
  both 
  Machaeroides 
  and 
  Apataelurus 
  has 
  become 
  a 
  relatively 
  

   large 
  and 
  functionally 
  significant 
  tooth, 
  actually 
  exceeding 
  Mi 
  

   in 
  size 
  in 
  both 
  forms. 
  

  

  The 
  two 
  molars 
  possess 
  somewhat 
  more 
  distinctive 
  structural 
  

   characters 
  than 
  the 
  premolars 
  in 
  characterizing 
  Machaeroides. 
  

   In 
  M, 
  the 
  metaconid 
  is 
  but 
  moderately 
  developed 
  and 
  pressed 
  

   close 
  to 
  the 
  protoconid. 
  The 
  talonid 
  is 
  much 
  reduced 
  in 
  size 
  and 
  

   trenchant 
  in 
  character. 
  In 
  Limnocyon 
  and 
  Thinocyon 
  the 
  rela- 
  

   tively 
  wider 
  and 
  more 
  robust 
  Mi 
  has 
  a 
  better-developed 
  metaconid 
  

   and 
  a 
  large, 
  deeply 
  basined 
  talonid. 
  In 
  Apafaelvrvs 
  the 
  trenchant 
  

   heel 
  persists 
  and 
  evidence 
  remains 
  of 
  a 
  metaconid 
  that 
  has 
  not 
  

   been 
  entirely 
  oliliterated 
  by 
  the 
  shearing 
  function 
  imposed 
  on 
  the 
  

   tooth. 
  

  

  