﻿380 
  PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  NATIONAL 
  MUSEUM 
  vol.96 
  

  

  several 
  times 
  wider 
  than 
  space 
  between 
  nostrils; 
  scales 
  ctenoid 
  

   (marine, 
  in 
  Pacific 
  Ocean 
  of 
  tropical 
  New 
  World). 
  

  

  Chaenomugil 
  Gill 
  

   7b. 
  Both 
  lips 
  with 
  narrow 
  edges 
  bearing 
  externally 
  a 
  narrow 
  band 
  of 
  

   setiform 
  teeth 
  in 
  2 
  or 
  3 
  rows; 
  lower 
  lip 
  folded 
  downward 
  and 
  

   largely 
  free 
  along 
  its 
  inner 
  edge. 
  

   8a. 
  Margin 
  of 
  lips 
  of 
  both 
  jaws 
  with 
  characteristic 
  3-pointed 
  seti- 
  

   form 
  teeth 
  set 
  in 
  2 
  or 
  3 
  rows; 
  adipose 
  eyelid 
  obsolete 
  or 
  un- 
  

   developed; 
  nostrils 
  moderately 
  separated, 
  much 
  closer 
  to- 
  

   gether 
  than 
  anterior 
  is 
  from 
  edge 
  of 
  snout, 
  lip 
  excluded; 
  

   maxillary 
  not 
  reaching 
  past 
  rear 
  edge 
  of 
  preorbital 
  bone; 
  

  

  scales 
  cycloid 
  (marine, 
  Oceania) 
  Neomyxus 
  Steindachner 
  

  

  8b. 
  Margins 
  of 
  both 
  lips 
  with 
  a 
  uniserial 
  row 
  (occasionally 
  a 
  few 
  in 
  

   an 
  outer 
  or 
  second 
  row) 
  of 
  setiform 
  teeth 
  with 
  unbranched 
  

   curved 
  tips; 
  adipose 
  eyelid 
  well 
  developed 
  (except 
  nearly 
  

   absent 
  in 
  young) 
  in 
  adults, 
  reaching 
  almost 
  to 
  pupil; 
  nostrils, 
  

   about 
  as 
  far 
  apart 
  as 
  anterior 
  is 
  from 
  edge 
  of 
  snout, 
  lip 
  ex- 
  

   cluded; 
  scales 
  cycloid 
  (marine, 
  Galdpagos 
  Islands). 
  

  

  Xenomugil, 
  new 
  genus 
  

   6b. 
  Lower 
  lip 
  bearing 
  several 
  rows 
  of 
  fleshy 
  papillae, 
  both 
  externally 
  and 
  

   internally, 
  with 
  their 
  tips 
  crenulate, 
  becoming 
  more 
  so 
  in 
  adults 
  a 
  

   foot 
  long 
  or 
  longer; 
  upper 
  lip 
  very 
  broad, 
  bearing 
  papillae, 
  the 
  

   crenulate 
  edge 
  continuous 
  around 
  rictus 
  with 
  crenulate 
  lower 
  lip; 
  

   nostrils 
  close 
  together, 
  the 
  anterior 
  one 
  as 
  close 
  to 
  premaxillar}' 
  

   groove 
  as 
  to 
  posterior 
  nostril; 
  front 
  edge 
  of 
  preorbital 
  with 
  an 
  

   angular 
  or 
  concave 
  notch; 
  premaxillary 
  and 
  maxillary 
  bent 
  down- 
  

   ward 
  posteriorly 
  but 
  tip 
  of 
  maxillary 
  not 
  exposed 
  as 
  in 
  Chelon; 
  

   adipose 
  eyelid 
  undeveloped 
  or 
  absent; 
  scales 
  cycloid 
  (marine, 
  

  

  Oceania 
  and 
  Indian 
  Ocean) 
  Crenimugil, 
  new 
  genus 
  

  

  6b. 
  Lower 
  lip 
  with 
  a 
  thin 
  edge, 
  directed 
  horizontally 
  forward 
  or 
  nearly 
  so, 
  

   not 
  folded 
  downward 
  and 
  not 
  bearing 
  teeth 
  externally 
  on 
  lips 
  al- 
  

   though 
  fine 
  teeth 
  may 
  occur 
  along 
  edge 
  of 
  lip 
  ; 
  upper 
  lip 
  with 
  a 
  band 
  

   of 
  teeth 
  or 
  with 
  a 
  uniserial 
  row 
  of 
  setiform 
  or 
  ciliform, 
  or 
  small 
  

   incisorlike 
  teeth, 
  sometimes 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  firmly 
  set. 
  

   9a. 
  Adipose 
  eyelid 
  well 
  developed, 
  reaching 
  to 
  or 
  nearly 
  to 
  pupil 
  except 
  

   on 
  young 
  50 
  mm. 
  in 
  standard 
  length 
  or 
  shorter, 
  in 
  which 
  case 
  

   posterior 
  edge 
  of 
  preorbital 
  narrower 
  than 
  space 
  between 
  nostrils; 
  

   distance 
  between 
  nostrils 
  wide, 
  equal 
  to 
  or 
  greater 
  than 
  width 
  

   of 
  upper 
  lip; 
  anterior 
  and 
  posterior 
  nostrils 
  widely 
  separated, 
  

   farther 
  apart 
  than 
  anterior 
  nostril 
  is 
  from 
  groove 
  that 
  separates 
  

   upper 
  lip 
  from 
  rest 
  of 
  snout; 
  posterior 
  edge 
  of 
  preobital 
  narrower 
  

   (fig. 
  28, 
  a-c) 
  than 
  distance 
  between 
  nostrils 
  and 
  its 
  posterior 
  tip 
  

   scarcely 
  or 
  not 
  reaching 
  past 
  front 
  of 
  eye; 
  maxillary 
  and 
  pre- 
  

   maxillary 
  not 
  hooked 
  downward 
  and 
  maxillary 
  not 
  notably 
  

   exposed; 
  maxillary 
  and 
  premaxillary 
  in 
  line 
  with 
  front 
  edge 
  of 
  

   preorbital; 
  no 
  teeth 
  on 
  vomer 
  or 
  palatines; 
  scales 
  cycloid 
  (marine, 
  

   along 
  coasts 
  of 
  Europe, 
  Africa, 
  Asia, 
  North 
  and 
  South 
  America, 
  

   West 
  Indies, 
  Oceania 
  to 
  Red 
  Sea, 
  islands 
  of 
  Atlantic 
  and 
  Pacific 
  

  

  Oceans 
  in 
  temperate 
  and 
  tropical 
  waters) 
  Mugil 
  Linnaeus 
  

  

  9b. 
  No 
  adipose 
  eyelid; 
  distance 
  between 
  nostrils 
  narrow, 
  contained 
  

   2 
  or 
  more 
  times 
  in 
  width 
  of 
  upper 
  lip: 
  anterior 
  nostril 
  much 
  

   closer 
  to 
  posterior 
  nostril 
  than 
  anterior 
  is 
  from 
  groove 
  that 
  

   separates 
  upper 
  lip 
  from 
  rest 
  of 
  snout; 
  width 
  of 
  posterior 
  edge 
  

   of 
  preorbital 
  wider 
  than 
  distance 
  between 
  nostrils. 
  

  

  