ART. 20 THE APHID GENUS AMPHOBOPHORA MASON 17 



Agr. Farm. Bull. 804, 1918, p. 28.— Das, Mem. Indian Mus., vol. 6, 



no. 4, 1918, pp. 165, 273.— Haviland, Ent. Month. Mag., 1918, p. 201.— 



Davidson, Journ. Econ. Ent., vol. 11, no. 3, 1918, p. 289. — Essig and 



KuwANA, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., vol. 8, no. 3, 1918, p. 35. — Wilson and 



ViCKERY, Trans. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts and Letters, vol. 19, pt. 1, 1918, 



pp. 49, 97.— Jackson, Scott. Nat., 1918, p. 85; 1919, p. 159.— Swain, 



Univ. Cal. Pub. Tech. Bull., vol. 3, no. 1, 1919, p. 82.— Takahashi, Rev. 



Formosa Agr. no. 182, 1921, p. 63. — Del Guercio, Redia, vol. 14, 1921, 



p. 109. 

 Siphonophora laciucae (Linnaeus) Thomas, 8th Rept., 111. State Ent., 1879, 



p. 60. 

 Neclarophora lactucae (Kaltenbach) Oestlund, Minn. Geol. and Nat. Hist. 



Surv. Bull. 4, 1887, pp. 85, 91.— Hunter, Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 



60, 1901, p. 115. 

 Siphonophora lactucae (Kaltenbach) Williams, Univ. Nebr. Spec. Bull. 1, 



1891, p. 16. — Schouteden, Ann. de la Soc. Entom. Belg., vol. 44, 1900, 



pp. 115-119. 

 Macrosiphum. lactucae (Kaltenbach) Sanborn, Kans. Univ. Sci. Bull., vol. 3, 



no. 8, 1906, p. 240. 

 Macrosiphum lactucae Schrank? Davis, Bull. 111. St. Lab. Nat. Hist., vol. 



10, 1913, p. 109. 

 Amphorophora lactucae (Kaltenbach) Quaintance and Baker, U. S. Dept. 



Agr. Farm. Bull. 1128, 1920, p. 30.— Blan chard, Physis, vol. 5, no. 20. 



1922, p. 207.— Patch, Conn. State Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv. Bull. 



no. 34, 1923, p. 301. 



The synonymy of this species is somewhat involved but is ex- 

 plained as follows: 



Aphis rihis Linnaeus, based on Linnaeus's description in Fauna 

 Sueca refers to Reaumur (vol. 3, pi. 22, figs. 7-10) incorrectly, as 

 the plant there shown is mountain maple and not Rihis. It should 

 refer to plate 24, figure 4, which is a gooseberry leaf with character- 

 istic pseudogalls. This, then, is Myzus rihis (Linnaeus). 



Aphis lactucae Linnaeus cites only Reaumur (pi. 22 figs. 3-5). 

 Reaumur described two forms, a green and a bronze one, which are 

 evidently a Macrosiphum, being, as Reaumur says, like the rose 

 species. Miiller in hi 5 translation of Linnaeus, 1774, also indicates a 

 Macrosiphum. Miiller also says that Linnaeus considers Reaumur's 

 lettuce as cultivated lettuce, whereas Reaumur had in mind wild 

 lettuce. Kaltenbach refers to this also. This is immaterial, how- 

 ever, since both the Macrosiphum and the Amphorophora live on 

 both wild and cultivated lettuce. 



Aphis lactucae Kaltenbach is based on Kaltenbach's description, 

 but he also cites Reaumur (pi. 22, figs. 3-5), as did Linnaeus. Since 

 Linnaeus' species is different from Kaltenbach's and since Linnaeus 

 based his species entirely on Reaumur, Kaltenbach erred in citing 

 Reaumur. He should also have used another name, since lactucse 

 was preoccupied by Linnaeus. 



Most of the older writers cite Reaumur and Linnaeus and give 

 no descriptions of their own. Walker seems to have confused the 

 43328— 25t 2 



