No. 1.] CHALMERS — GLACIAL PHENOMENA. 43 



(4) At Peter's river, on the road to Mill Settlement, striae 

 appear on slates with a north-east and south-west trend. 



(5) Fine clear-cut striae are seen on granite ledges at Bathurst, 

 in two or more places on the west side of the harbor or basin, 

 the direction being nearly north-east and south-west. The ledges 

 lie below high-water mark, and their glaciation indicates that 

 the movement of the eroding agent was north-eastward. 



Whether any one of these three sets of striae was of an earlier 

 date than the others is a question which it was difficult to de- 

 termine, as they are closely similar in most respects. But the 

 north-east and south-west scratches in two localities, namely, at 

 Bathurst and Mill Stream, seem to be somewhat finer and lighter 

 than those observed elsewhere. 



" TILL " or BOULDER-CLAY AND ERRATICS. 



The " till " or boulder-clay is exposed only in a few localities in 

 the district under examination. Either it is very thinly dis- 

 tributed and lies concealed beneath the later deposits, or it is 

 entirely wanting in a great portion of the region to which my 

 remarks relate, in consequence probably of the extensive denuda- 

 tion which it has undergone. It is met with in the Restigouche 

 valley, however; also on the coast of the Bay at Nash's Creek, 

 and along the Nepisiguit river, near Bathurst. An interesting 

 group of surface deposits, one member of which may, perhaps, be 

 till, was disclosed by a series of borings, six in number, made for 

 foundations to the Intercolonial railway bridge which crosses the 

 Restigouche near the mouth of the Metapedia. Through the 

 kindness of Mr. L. Gr. Bell, C. E., I obtained a diagrammatic 

 section of these borings just after the work had been finished in 

 18T3, which shows, in descending order, the following formations 

 as described by him : 



Sandy soil (at one boring on left bank) 8 feet. 



Strong coarse gravel (probably fluviatile). . . 12 to 15 " 



Stiff sandy blue clay (" till " ?) 60 « 



Sand in some places, black clay in others, 



resting on the rock 5 " 



Total thickness 88 



These deposits occupy a valley 400 to 600 yards wide, on 

 either side of which hills rise to the height of 500 feet or more 

 above the river. The depth of the water in the Restigouche 

 when the borings were made, was ten feet, and the height of its 



