No. 1.] CHALMERS — GLACIAL PHENOMENA. 47 



ice-sheet which produced them was one solid mass, and could not 

 have been less than seven or eight miles wide, coveting the area 

 in question. The main body of ice of which it formed a part 

 must have exceeded twenty-five miles in width here, and was 

 probably not less than 300 to 350 feet deep in the middle of the 

 Bay Chaleur depression. The glacier in this part of its course 

 has evidently followed the general trend of that depression, mov- 

 ing about south 60 degrees east. The portion of the ice-sheet 

 which covered the Belledune and Petite Roche districts, therefore, 

 has probably been only the lateral part near the southern border 

 of the general mass, and may not have been more than fifty to 

 one hundred feet thick, perhaps less, thinning out on the ascend- 

 insr surface of land. 



The strige of the third set, although varying in direction from 

 north 45 degrees east to north 65 degrees east have most proba- 

 bly been produced also by the southernmost portion of the main 

 ice- sheet overspreading the district in which they occur. This 

 part of the glacier would likewise be controlled in its movement 

 by the general mass, which from Nepisiguit Bay would trend 

 away nearly in a north-easterly course towards the mouth of the 

 Bay Chaleur. The close parallelism existing between the courses 

 of the striae in this set with the general direction of that portion 

 of the Bay to the north-east of Bathurst, which is about north 

 60 degrees east, together with the fact that the glaciated rock- 

 masses are all stossed on their south-western faces, point to this 

 conclusion. Smaller local glaciers may have occupied the slopes 

 of land, as well as the valleys of the larger rivers near Bath- 

 urst, however, after the main sheet had taken its departure. 



Summing up the data regarding the giaciation of the whole 

 area under review, and noting the correspondence of the striae in 

 all three sets with the general direction of the Bay Chaleur, and 

 especially with the trends of its northern coast, near which its 

 waters are deepest, I think it may reasonably be inferred that 

 the phenomena of striation and deposition of the till and other 

 drift material are due to one and the same ice-sheet occupying 

 the valley of the Bestigouche and the Bay Chaleur depression 

 and extending some distance laterally over the region to the 

 south. This sheet, moving eastward from the highlands of the 

 Bestigouche and Metapedia, would follow the sinuosities of these 

 depressions and influence or control those portions of its mass 

 which overlay the sloping land along its southern margin, thus 



