No. 1.] CHALMERS — GLACIAL PHENOMENA. 49 



3. From the fact that such portions of it as overlay the dis- 

 trict to the south of the Bay moved down the sloping surface 

 into the depressed area towards the uorth-east, and near Bathurst 

 followed the courses of the larger rivers debouching into the 

 Bay, instead of pursuing a course to the south-east over the low 

 lying Carboniferous plain. If the Bay Chaleur glacier had formed 

 part of a continental ice-mass, the difference in level between 

 these two areas was not so great as to prevent it from continuing 

 on in a south-easterly course. 



Sand and Gravel Bidges or Kames, 



(Syrtensian deposits of Matthew.) 



I shall now attempt a brief description of a group of sand 

 and gravel beds which occurs near the coast of the Bay Chaleur 

 in Restigouche County, and which, according to the latest theo- 

 ries regarding their formation, seem properly to come under the 

 head of glacial phenomena. The origin and distribution of 

 similar deposits in other places have been ascribed to the agency 

 of marine currents, but in the locality to which I refer it does 

 not seem possible, for various reasons, thus to acc(junt for them. 

 This will become apparent as their position and structure come 

 to be examined. In some of their features these Bestifjouchfe 

 sands and gravels bear a resemblance to the " till " of the neigh- 

 borhood, but in other respects, especially in the nature of their 

 materials and mode of occurrence, they afford evidence of being 

 the result of the action of strong, irregular, intermittent cur- 

 rents, which have flowed from the highland area to the wesfe.. 

 It also appears probable that they were deposited at the tim* 

 the ice-sheet which covered the reiiion was meltinii' and breakinif 

 up, and owe their formation to the vast floods which swept largo, 

 quantities of debris from the Restigouche hills to the plain be- 

 low during that period. 



In the district referred to only one of these ridges or kamcfr 

 has yet been traced out and studied to any extent. It lies be* 

 tween Charlo river and Nash's Creek, being about eleven milet. 

 in length, and exhibiting the appearance of a winding, irregular 

 ridge or series of mounds whose general direction is nearly par* 

 allel to the coast-line and not very far different from that of thft 

 glacial striaa in the same locality. It has a width of from two 

 hundred yards to a quarter of a mile or upwards, and does not 

 Vol. X. ' D No. f.. 



