50 THE CANADIAN NATURALIST. [Vol. 



X. 



rise to a crreater heio;ht above the level of the district than 

 twenty-five feet, nor more than eighty feet above sea-level, sloping 

 away on both sides, the one facing the Bay being generally the 

 steepest. Where it is widest it encloses hollows; one of these 

 hollows or pits near New Mills is about fifty yards in diameter, 

 and twenty feet or more in depth, although partially filled 

 with later deposits. This kame is intersected by streams and 

 rivers in several places and by the coast-line at Dickie's Cove 

 near Black Point, forming bluffs on each side of that small in- 

 dentation. Cuttings along the Intercolonial railway have like- 

 wise been made through it at various points, showing that the 

 materials of which it is composed are usually sand, gravel and 

 pebbles, more or less stratified, in which are distributed a few 

 boulders from six inches to two and three feet in diameter, nearly 

 all water-worn and well-rounded. These boulders are scattered 

 irregularly through the mass, and many of them resemble, in 

 mineral character, rocks in the hilly district bordering on the 

 Restigouche, consisting chiefly of trap, diorite, felsite, limestone 

 and slate. Several, of a red silicious felsite, were observed 

 closely similar to rocks of that kind occurring in the hills near 

 the railway tunnel at Flatlands, about thirty-five miles distant. 

 Near the bottom portion of the kame at Black Point, however, 

 I saw boulders which seemed to have their parent bed within a 

 distance of three miles to the west. Occasionally erratics of four 

 and five feet dimensions are met with in its upper parts, but 

 they are not common. Irregular strata of fine sand, and some- 

 times clay, alternate with others of coarser material or are inter- 

 calated in them. Instances likewise occur of curved bedding and 

 cross sections generally exhibit a sort of arched stratification. 

 The coarser portions reveal scarcely any traces of stratification, 

 and, as already stated, resemble in some measure th« " till," 

 except that the stones are more water-worn and without striae. 



The dimensions of this kame must have been much greater 

 immediately after itg formation than now. The streams wl icli 

 intersect it have carried away large quantities of its mass ; and 

 its seaward face has been modified to a considerable extent by 

 the action of the waves when it formed a beach, or was in the 

 tideway at the close of the deposition of the stratified marine 

 sands (Saxicava sands). This last deposit, together with the 

 fossillferous clays next underlying it, both of which are seen 

 resting on the slopes of the kame, especially on its southward 



