196 THE CANADIAN NATURALIST. [Vol. X. 



in situ. On the southeast side we find them along the Inter- 

 colonial Railway and the old post road, scattered over the Carbon- 

 iferous sandstones as far as the Miramichi River. Among these 

 granite boulders we also find others of felsite, diorite^ etc, which 

 appear to be derived from the ^ub-crystalline belt flanking the 

 ;Q:ranite on the west. 



KAMES, OR SAND AND GRAVEL RIDGES. 



The kame in Restigouche, described in the paper already cited, 

 was examined more closely during the past season, and it was found 

 that its summit, at the western extremity, was 1 25 to 1 50 feet above 

 sea level ; thence it decreased in height gradually towards the east 

 till it ran out into a bluff on the Bay shore near Nash's Creek. 

 Its general direction is nearly east and west, corresponding with 

 the glacial strias in the vicinity, but it has several lateral branches, 

 and in a few places is spread out into level areas or terraces. 

 These branches are often concealed from view bv a coverin<»; of 

 later deposits. Hollows, or kettle holes as they are called, were 

 observed in this kame, especially where it flattens out, as at 

 Black Lands and New Mills. The i;reat road from Nash's 

 Creek to River Charlo, 11 to 12 miles, runs along its summit 

 nearly all that distance. 



At the mouth of the Great Cascapedia River, in the Gasp6 

 peninsula, there is a scries of gravel hills, some of them assuming 

 the appearance of ridges, which must originally have formed one 

 continuous, well- developed kame. These hills were traced a 

 distance of two to three miles along the left bank of the river, 

 where they form blufi's which stand up "like a row of artificial 

 ramparts," and increase in height as we ascend the stream. 

 When I visited the locality last summer I had not time to follow 

 this kame to its highest or northern extremity, but it probably 

 extends up river a number of miles. Its average direction is 

 about south southeast, corresponding with the course of the 

 lower part of the river. Currents which ran transversely to its 

 main direction have eroded it greatly in places previous to the 

 deposition of the later stratified formations which cover it up on 

 the eastern side to a considerable depth. 



The southern extremity of this kame projects into the Bay in a 

 blufi" and exhibits a very interesting section of the deposits. The 

 ridge is here 150 yards wide and about 40 feet in height above 

 the beach. Like the Restigouche kame it is composed of loose 



