198 THE CANADIAN NATURALIST. [Vol. X. 



bave originated from the action of that river. We can hardly 

 conceive of these river valleys being filled with floods of water 

 125 to 150 feet above their present courses however, hence it is 

 supposed that ice to that depth occupied them, and that the 

 rivers flowed over its surface, laden with debris in sufl&cient 

 quantity to form these ridges. 



Some of the physical conditions necessary to the formation of 

 these deposits, therefore, apart from the theory of their glacial 

 origin, seem to be : (1), a considerable drainage area, aff'ording 

 probably a large flow of water independent of that supplied by 

 the melting of the ice sheet; (2), a region sufficiently elevated to 

 cause the waters to descend with great velocity; and (3), level, 

 or comparatively level areas near the base of the hills, c lusing a 

 slackening of speed in their flow and a deposition of transported 

 material. At a greater distance than 12 to 15 miles from the 

 elevated tract the kames disappear, and no traces of them have 

 been observed in the flat district to the south. This cannot 

 have arisen from lack of material to form these ridges, judg- 

 ing from the quantity of debris of a similar character found along 

 the rivers and in terraces ; but the physical conditions necessary 

 for their development do not seem to have been favorable on the 

 low level tracts. 



GENERAL CONCLUSIONS REGARDING THE GLACIATION OP THE 



BAIE DE CHALEUR DISTRICT. 



From facts adduced in my paper on the glacial phenomena of 

 this region, I endeavored to show that a local glacier of consider- 

 able magnitude had once occupied the depression of the B de de 

 Chaleur and estuary of the Restigouche, spreading to some 

 extent over the district borderinsr these waters on the south, and 

 that the different courses of the scratches found there, proved that 

 it had been controlled in its passage eastward by the contour of 

 that depression. The additional data obtained during the past 

 summer, both in regard to glacial striae and transported material 

 all tend to support the conclusions then reached. The average 

 course of the Restigouche estuary is east northeast; the course 

 of the western half of the Baie de Chaleur is east southeast or 

 west northwest, and of its eastern half nearly east northeast or 

 west southwest. With these bearinus the glacial striae indicate 

 a tolerably close correspondence. The glacier seems to have 

 moved eastwardly Irom the highland area in the northwebt of 



