No. 4.] CHALMERS — SURFACE GEOLOGY. 199 



New Brunswick, and from the Notre Dame Mountains. It was 

 probably niade up of several smaller confluent glaciers, one flow- 

 ing down the Restigouche valley from the highland regions on 

 that river, another down the Metapedia valley from the Notre 

 Dame Mountains, and a third down the Cascapedia valley from 

 the Shickshock Mountains, besides others of lesser note, all coal- 

 escing in the Baie de Chaleur basin. In the list of striae given in 

 the Geology of Canada (1863), pages 890-92, scratches are 

 noted as occurring on Kempt road, near Metaptdia Lake, with a 

 course of south 80^^ east. Metapedia Lake is about 50 miles 

 from the junction of the Metapedia river with the Restigouche. 

 The particular exposure of these striae is not stated, but it is 

 probable they have been produced by the glacier which occupied 

 the Metapedia valley. No striae were detected by me in any 

 part uf the Gaspe peninsula that I have visited, but the kame 

 at tlie mouth of the Cascapedia, already described, may be con- 

 sidered evidence of a local glacier once having occupied the 

 valley of that river. 



The Baie de Chaleur ice-sheet must have overspread a portion 

 of the Carboniferous area to the east and southeast of Bathurst, 

 passing over it probably in a northeasterly direction. Although 

 I did not detect any striae on the sandstones between the Nepi- 

 siguit and Miramichi, so far as I examined them, yet the pres- 

 ence of numerous boulders of granite and other rocks scattered over 

 the surface, which have been derived from the metamorphic belt 

 to the west, may be taken as evidence of their transport by ice 

 moving in the direction indicated. 



At Weldford Station, on the Intercolonial Railway, which is 

 about 75 miles south southeast from Bathurst, scratches occur 

 on the Carboniferous sandstones having a course of nearly north 

 by east or south by west. A considerable surface of rock was 

 laid bare in this vicinity during the construction of the railway, 

 exposing well defined striae. They are noteworthy as showing 

 probably the general course of the ice-sheet which passed over 

 the flat expanse of the coal measures of the Province — Weldlbrd 

 being near the centre of this extensive triangular shaped area. 

 These striae occur on a low water shed between the valley of the 

 St. John and the Straits of Northumberland ; the Richibucto, 

 running northeasterly from this point into the Straits, and the 

 Salmon River southwesterly into Grand Lake. The height of 

 the water shed is stated to be about 275 feet above sea level. 



