212 THE CANADIAN NATURALIST. [Vol. X. 



(2) Stratified Marine Sands. — Saxicava sands. Marine 

 formations were — sea-border terraces, raised beaches. In the 

 interior — river terracing. No fossils of the period in this region. 

 Land rising : marginal marine areas emerging from beneath the 

 sea. 



(3) Leda Clays. — Upper red or brown clay, formed in com- 

 paratively shallow waters. Contains pebbles and remains of an 

 abundant marine life. Lower Leda clay — blue or dark colored, 

 fewer pebbles and fossils : chiefly arctic species. Waters of 

 moderate depth, probably 20 to 30 fathoms. In the interior — 

 terrace-making along rivers. Land rising. Climate subarctic. 



(4) Kame Deposits, and material of river terraces, the 

 latter now seen in the upper terraces. No organic remains. 

 Land probably subsiding, though not far from its present level. 



(5) Till or Boulder Clay. — Irregularly distributed, 

 occurring on borders of river valleys and under lee of elevations. 

 Evidently of glacial origin. Boulders or erratics strewn about 

 which have been transported by ice. No fossils. Greater portion 

 of till, apparently upper till of other regions. Land evidently 

 above the present level. 



