No. 5.] HUNT — RELATIONS OF THE SCIENCES. 263 



mathematic, which iu itself, does not belong to the domain of 

 natural science, though in its applications it becomes an indis- 

 pensable instrument in the study of nature, whether wc investi- 

 gate the phenomena of physic or of chemistry, or seek to com- 

 prehend the laws which regulate alike the order of the celestial 

 spheres, the shapes of crystals, and the forms of vegetation. 



Section IV, on the other hand, in its department of biology, 

 includes alike the Natural History and the Natural Philosophy 

 of the vegetable and the animal kingdoms. In this same section 

 has, however, been included what we call geology, which is not 

 a separate science, but the application alike of mathematic and 

 of all the natural sciences to the elucidation of both the physio- 

 graphy and the physiology of our planet. So far as geology 

 concerus itself with the history of past life on the earth, or 

 what is called paleontology, it is biological, but in all its other 

 aspects the relations of geology are with section III. The 

 logical result of this complex character of geology should be 

 cither the separation of paleontology from the other branches of 

 geological study, which find their appropriate place in our sec- 

 tion III, or else the union of the two sections through this 

 their common bond. 



It will be noticed that in this brief survey of the field of 

 natural knowledge I have not spoken of the technical applications 

 of science, nor alluded to its important aspects in relation to 

 the material wants of life. On this theme, did time permit. I 

 might speak at length. There are two classes of motives which 

 urge men to the pursuit of knowledge; on the one hand, those of 

 worldly fame or profit, and on the other, the far nobler sentiment 

 which has the finding-out of truth for its object. It would seem 

 as if by a spiritual law, the great principles which are most fruit- 

 ful in material results are not revealed to those who interrogate 

 nature with these lower ends in view. Newton, Darwin, Fara- 

 day, Henry, and such as they, were not inspired by a desire for 

 the praise of men, or for pecuniary reward, but pursued their 

 life-long labors with higher motives, the love of truth for its 

 own sake, the reverent desire to comprehend the hidden laws and 

 operations of the universe. To such and to such alone does 

 nature reveal herself. In the material as in the moral order, 

 the promise of achievement is given to those who strive after 

 knowledge and wisdom irrespective of the hope of temporal 

 jeward, and the history of science shows that it is such seekers 



