ArchoBological Explorations near Madisonville, 0. 55 



other cranial sutures are persistent throughout. The squarao-parietal 

 suture presents, on both sides, a sharply cut furrow, about one inch in 

 length, extending upward and backward from its middle third. The 

 anterior inferior angle of the right parietal is chiefly formed by a small 

 Wormian bone. 



The face does not show the slightest tendency to prognathism, being 

 here an exception to the prevailing form from this locality; the orbital 

 and nasal cavities do not exceed the average in size; and the nasal 

 septum is deflected toward the left. The superciliary ridges are more 

 than usually prominent, but the temporal ridge seems rather deficient 

 than otherwise, contrary to what might be expected in case of extreme 

 general muscular development. 



A noteworthy anatomical feature is the development of a well-marked 

 process, which projects from the posterior border of the malar bone, 

 and partially covers in the temporal fossa. This process, which might 

 with propriety be termed the temporal process of the malar, is present 

 to a greater or less extent in a large proportion of the crania from this 

 localit}^, being in some extreme cases developed upward and backward 

 into a decided hook. It is also occasionally observed in the skulls of 

 negroes, although it has not yet been described by anatomists, so far 

 as the writer has been able to ascertain. The incisive suture is not 

 persistent in this cranium, although it is more or less visible in several 

 of the others. 



The teeth, as before mentioned, are perfect, and all present, with one 

 addition to the normal number; the supernumerar}^ tooth is situated 

 internal to and between the two pre-molars on the right side. It has a 

 single cusp, which tapers to a point, and terminates on a plane cor- 

 responding to that of the adjacent teeth, which are of normal size and 

 development. This cranium, with others from the same locality, 

 has been donated to the museum of the Cincinnati Society of Natural 

 History. Front, lateral and vertical views are represented on Plates 

 II. and III. 



A second skeleton was uncovered a short distance north, with head 

 directed northeast, and close by were found the remains of four others, 

 in sitting positions, and very close together. On removing these four 

 crania, five inferior maxillae were found. Immediately beneath this 

 group of skeletons was an ash pit, measuring four and a half feet in 

 depth, and three feet in diameter, from which an unusual quantity of 

 animal remains and imio shells were taken. In another ash pit explored* 

 this day, was found a human vertebra (from the dorsal region); as this 

 is the only human remains found in any of these pits to this date, it is 



