Mesozoic and Ccenozoic Geology and Paloiontologi). 105 



Group of Bi-itish Columbia. It consists of hard, close-grained and 

 thick -bedded, greenish sandstones or quartzites, green and black shales, 

 and above these, massive thick-bedded pebble conglomerates, dipping 

 generall}^ at low angles in various directions; some of the inclosed 

 pebbles are of rocks belonging to the Cache creek series. At Jackass 

 mountain the road is built round, or excavated out of vertical cliffs of 

 these conglomerates, at from 800 to 900 feet above the river, into 

 which you can almost drop a stone from the parapet of the road; and 

 at a short distance back they rise into hills, not less than 3,000 feet 

 above the valle3% which they occupy to within about five miles from 

 Lytton. This group belongs to the Upper Cretaceous, and is above 

 what he called the Upper Cache Creek Group. 



The road to Cariboo, between Clinton and Lillooet, runs through a 

 valley transverse to the strike of the rocks, from one to two miles 

 wide, on either side of which hills rise abruptl}^ from 1,000 to 2,000 feet. 

 The Upper Cache Group was first observed here by Mr. James Rich- 

 ardson, the base of which he supposed to be about two miles west of 

 Clinton. The beds have generally a high westerly dip. They consist 

 of a great volume of bluish, dove-colored, and white limestones, often 

 a good marble, iuterstratlfied with brown dolomitic limestone, red 

 and green shale, and epidotic and chloritic rocks, with others which 

 closely resemble rocks of the Quebec Group, in the eastern townships 

 of Canada. These rocks occupy the country westward for about six 

 miles. On their strike to the northward, they can be easily traced by 

 the e^'e, from the almost snowy appearance of the limestones for 20 or 

 30 miles; and in the opposite direction they can be traced, by the same 

 characters, for 10 to 12 miles, to another transverse narrow valley called 

 Marble canon. A narrow, deep lake, of clear water, occupies the 

 bottom of this canon, the white cliffs of limestone rising on either side 

 of the lake to heights of from 2,000 to 3,000 feet above the water. 

 About half-way up, on the north side, the limestone beds stand up in 

 masses, which look like detached columns of a diameter of from 50 to 

 100 feet, and from 300 to 400 feet high, due to the unequal weathering 

 of the almost vertical strata. The limestones are succeeded by a con- 

 siderable thickness of black shales, sometimes soft and calcareous, but 

 often hard and flinty. 



Mr. James Richardson* described numerous sections, in the Creta- 

 ceous rocks of Vancouver and adjacent islands, showing the coal seams ; 

 one of which occurs about five miles from the shore on the southwest 



Geo. Sur. Can. 



