PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 53 



10. "Haw," Crataegus (species undetermined.) 



17. Sweet Gum, Liquidamhar styracifiua. 



18. Flowering Dogwood, Cornus florida. 



19. "Black Gum," N'yssa sylvatica f 



20. Black flaw, Viburnum primifoUum. 



21. Persimmon, Diospyros virglniana. 



22. White Ash, Fraxiniis americana. 



23. Black Ash, Fraxinus sambucifolia. 

 21. Bed Ash, Fraxinus puhescens. 



25. Catalpa, Catalpa speciosa. 



26. Sassafras, Sassafras officinale. 



27. White Elm, Ulnius americana. 



28. Slippery Elm, Ulmus fukia. 



29. Hackberry, Celtis occidentalis.. 



30. Mulberry, Morus rubra. 



31. Sycamore, Platanus occidentalis. 



32. Black Walnut, Juglans nigra. 



33. Shell-bark Hickory, Carya alba. 

 31. Big Shellbark, Carya sulcata. 



35. Black Hickory, Carya tomentosa. 



36. Pig-nut Hickory, Carya porcina. 



37. Broom Hickory, Carya amara. 



38. White Oak, Quercus alba. 



3d. Swami) White Oak, Quercus bicolor, 



40. Bur Oak, Quercus macrocarpa. 



41. Scarlet Oak, Quercus coccinea. 



42. Laurel Oak, Quercus imbricaria. 



43. Water Oak, Quercus palustris. 



44. Eed Oak, Quercus rubra. 



45. Black Oak, Quercus tinctoria. 



46. Beech, Fagus ferruginea. 



47. Hornbeam, Carpinus caroUniana. 



48. Black Willow, Salix nigra. 



49. Shining Willow, Salix lucida. 



50. Swamp Cottonwood, Populus lieterophylla. 



51. Common Cottonwood, Populus monilifera. 



52. Aspen, Populus tremuloides. 



Originally, much the larger part of the district under consideration 

 was heavily timbered, and at present the nearest actual prairies to 

 Mount Carmel are distant about 20 to 30 miles in Lawrence and Kich- 

 mond Counties, Illinois. Since the first settlement of the country,* 

 however, the distribution of the timber has very materially changed, 

 much of the original forest having been cleared for cultivation, while 

 on the other hand nearly all the smaller i^rairies have become trans- 



* Mouut Carmel was laid out as a town iu 1818, but tlic suiTonnding couutry had 

 already become sparsely settled. 



