564 PEOCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



upper surface of the head, (homologous with a lirst dorsal flu*,) thor- 

 acic veutral flus with external spines, a simple basis cranii, intermax- 

 illary bones flattened, with the ascending processes deflected sideways, 

 and with the su])ramaxillary bones attenuated backwards, flattened, aud 

 appressed to the dorsal surface of the iutermaxillaries; hypercoracoid 

 (or scapula) perforated nearly in the center; and with four short actin- 

 osts ("carpals"). 



Family ECHENEIDID^. 



Partial Synonymy. 



< Eleutheropodes, Dumeril, Zool. Aual., p. 123, 1806. 



= Echeneidi, Rafinesque, ludice d'lttiolog. Siciliaiia, p. 29, 1810. 



< CephopHa, Bafinesque, Analyse de la Nature, 13. fam., 181.'). 



< Encheliosomes, UlainviUe, Journal de Physique, t. 83, p. 255? (Includes Echeneia, 



Cepoles, and Gymnetrea). 1816. 



< Discol)oles, Cuvier, Regne Animal, t. 2, p. 227, 1817. 

 <Discobola, LaireiUe, Fam. Nat. du R^gne Animal, p. 127, 1825. 



== Eclieneides, Eisso, Hist. Nat. del'Europe Merid., t. 3, p. 269, 1826. 



= Eclieneididse, Bonaparte, Giorn. Accad. di Scienze, v. .52. (Saggio Distrib. Metod. 



Animal. Vertebr. a Saugue freddo, p. 38,) 1831-'32. 

 = Eclieneididaj, Bonaparte, Nuovi Annali delle Sc. Nat., t. 2, p. 133, 1838. 

 = Eclieneidai, Stvainson, Nat. Hist, aud Class. Fislies, etc., v. 2, pp. 31, 32, 42, 43, 



44, 1839. 

 :r= Ecbeneisida}, Gray, Syn. Brit. Mus., p. 143, 1842. 



< Cyclopodi, Milller, Archiv fiir Naturgescliicbte, Jabrg. 1843, v. 1, p. 297, 1843. 



=: Ecbeneididaj, Gray, White, List Spec. Brit. Animals Brit. Mus., Fisb, p. 55, (placed 



between Calliouymidse aud Lopbiidae.) 1851. 

 = Ecbeneididse, Bichardson, Encyclopaedia Brit., v. 12, p. 272, (271,) 1856. 

 = Ecbeneoidai, Bleeker, Ennm. Sp. PLscium Arcbipel. Indico, p. xxvi, 1859. 

 = Ecbeneidse, Cope. Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Science, v. 20, p. 342, 1872. 

 = EcbeneididiB, Gill, Arrangement Fam. Fishes, p. 12, 1872. 

 = Echeneides, Fitzinyer, Sitzungsber.k. Akad. der Wissenscb. (Wien), B,67, 1. Abth., 



p. 43, 1873. 

 Scombridaj gen., Giinther, (Int. to Study of Fishes, p. 460,-) 1880. 



Sub-family ECHENEIDIN^. 



Synonymy. 



= Echeuldia i?«^^t'S(7He, Analyse do laNature, 1. s. f. of 13. fam., 1815. 



= Echeneidini, Bonaparte, Nouvi Auuali delle Sc. Nat., t. 2, p. 133, 1838; t. 4, p. 275, 



1840. 

 = Echeneiden, If i(7/er, Archiv fiir Naturgeschictbte, Jabrg. 1843, p. 297, ("group" of 



Cyclopodi), 1843. 

 Scombrina gen., Giinther. 



External characters. (See plate VII, showing skull). 



Body elongated, subcylindrical, diminishing backwards gradually 

 from the head and into the slender caudal peduncle. Anus subceutral. 



* Baudelot (E.) Etude sur le disque cephaliquc des R^mores (Ecehneis) <Annales 

 des Sciences Naturelles, (5e s(5rie, Zoologie et Paldontologie.) t. 7, pp. 153-160, pi. 5, 

 1867; (tr. pt.) Ann. aud Mag. Nat. Hist., (.4,) v. 19, pp. 375-376, 1867. 



